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FA-97341 / Knitting and sewing pattern grading / Open access

Gauge-based cast-on calculator: ease sign · case 01

A sweater with 10 cm positive ease comes out 10 cm narrower than the body.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 8 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

Ease is subtracted from the body measurement instead of added.

VERIFIED REPAIR

Add ease (positive or negative) to the body width.

Unsuccessful approach: Adding half the ease treats it as per-side ease for a piece that is already one full width.

Case contract

Target width = width + ease (ease may be negative). Raw stitches = target * gauge / 10 (gauge per 10 cm). Body stitches = nearest multiple of repeat, half-up in repeat units, at least one repeat. Cast on = body + 2*edge (selvedge each side). Actual body width = body*10/gauge, half-up to 0.1 cm. Non-positive target, gauge or repeat returns an error string.

Why this case matters

Knitting patterns and calculators convert a finished measurement and gauge into a stitch count that fits the stitch pattern repeat.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(width_cm, sts_per_10cm, repeat, edge, ease_cm):
    w = Fraction(str(width_cm)) - Fraction(str(ease_cm))
    g = Fraction(str(sts_per_10cm))
    if w <= 0 or g <= 0 or repeat < 1:
        return 'error: bad measurements'
    raw = w * g / 10
    body = repeat * math.floor(raw / repeat + Fraction(1, 2))
    body = max(repeat, body)
    total = body + 2 * edge
    actual = body * 10 / g
    return [total, math.floor(actual * 10 + Fraction(1, 2)) / 10]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [3, '18', 8, 1, 10], [26, 13.3]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [40, '27.5', 2, 3, 7.5], [136, 47.3]],
  ['generated control 1', [3, '22', 6, 3, 7.5], [30, 10.9]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '27.5', 12, 3, 0], [90, 30.5]],
  ['generated control 3', [52.5, '24', 2, 2, 7.5], [148, 60.0]]],
 [['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [50, '27.5', 8, 2, -5], [124, 43.6]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [10, '24', 1, 3, 10], [54, 20.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [30, '27.5', 12, 2, 0], [88, 30.5]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '22', 1, 3, 0], [72, 30.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [45, '24', 1, 0, -5], [96, 40.0]]],
 [['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['regression: ease sign', [30, '20', 12, 0, 10], [84, 42.0]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [10, '22', 8, 3, -5], [14, 3.6]],
  ['generated control 1', [3, '22', 6, 1, -2], [8, 2.7]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '20', 12, 3, 0], [66, 30.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [50, '27.5', 2, 0, 0], [138, 50.2]]],
 [['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [52.5, '24', 6, 3, 5], [144, 57.5]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [50, '16', 12, 0, 10], [96, 60.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [10, '20', 12, 2, 5], [40, 18.0]],
  ['generated control 2', [45, '27.5', 6, 2, 10], [154, 54.5]],
  ['generated control 3', [40, '22', 4, 2, -5], [80, 34.5]]],
 [['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [52.5, '20', 1, 3, -5], [101, 47.5]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [50, '20', 6, 3, 7.5], [120, 57.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [50, '16', 4, 1, -2], [78, 47.5]],
  ['generated control 2', [8, '24', 12, 3, -5], [18, 5.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [8, '18', 8, 0, 10], [32, 17.8]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
plain stockinette[100, 50.0][100, 50.0]Passed
rib with selvedges[90, 40.0][114, 50.9]Failed
narrow strap one repeat[12, 5.0][12, 5.0]Passed
regression: ease signerror: bad measurements[26, 13.3]Failed
repair check: ease sign[96, 32.7][136, 47.3]Failed
generated control 1error: bad measurements[30, 10.9]Failed
generated control 2[90, 30.5][90, 30.5]Passed
generated control 3[112, 45.0][148, 60.0]Failed

SHA-256 / cc9278efffe6a36f966d59a6e083e2fa598ece4782349d55494fd18363e5b50d

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(width_cm, sts_per_10cm, repeat, edge, ease_cm):
    w = Fraction(str(width_cm)) + Fraction(str(ease_cm)) / 2
    g = Fraction(str(sts_per_10cm))
    if w <= 0 or g <= 0 or repeat < 1:
        return 'error: bad measurements'
    raw = w * g / 10
    body = repeat * math.floor(raw / repeat + Fraction(1, 2))
    body = max(repeat, body)
    total = body + 2 * edge
    actual = body * 10 / g
    return [total, math.floor(actual * 10 + Fraction(1, 2)) / 10]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [3, '18', 8, 1, 10], [26, 13.3]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [40, '27.5', 2, 3, 7.5], [136, 47.3]],
  ['generated control 1', [3, '22', 6, 3, 7.5], [30, 10.9]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '27.5', 12, 3, 0], [90, 30.5]],
  ['generated control 3', [52.5, '24', 2, 2, 7.5], [148, 60.0]]],
 [['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [50, '27.5', 8, 2, -5], [124, 43.6]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [10, '24', 1, 3, 10], [54, 20.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [30, '27.5', 12, 2, 0], [88, 30.5]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '22', 1, 3, 0], [72, 30.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [45, '24', 1, 0, -5], [96, 40.0]]],
 [['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['regression: ease sign', [30, '20', 12, 0, 10], [84, 42.0]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [10, '22', 8, 3, -5], [14, 3.6]],
  ['generated control 1', [3, '22', 6, 1, -2], [8, 2.7]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '20', 12, 3, 0], [66, 30.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [50, '27.5', 2, 0, 0], [138, 50.2]]],
 [['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [52.5, '24', 6, 3, 5], [144, 57.5]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [50, '16', 12, 0, 10], [96, 60.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [10, '20', 12, 2, 5], [40, 18.0]],
  ['generated control 2', [45, '27.5', 6, 2, 10], [154, 54.5]],
  ['generated control 3', [40, '22', 4, 2, -5], [80, 34.5]]],
 [['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [52.5, '20', 1, 3, -5], [101, 47.5]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [50, '20', 6, 3, 7.5], [120, 57.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [50, '16', 4, 1, -2], [78, 47.5]],
  ['generated control 2', [8, '24', 12, 3, -5], [18, 5.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [8, '18', 8, 0, 10], [32, 17.8]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
plain stockinette[100, 50.0][100, 50.0]Passed
rib with selvedges[106, 47.3][114, 50.9]Failed
narrow strap one repeat[12, 5.0][12, 5.0]Passed
regression: ease sign[18, 8.9][26, 13.3]Failed
repair check: ease sign[126, 43.6][136, 47.3]Failed
generated control 1[18, 5.5][30, 10.9]Failed
generated control 2[90, 30.5][90, 30.5]Passed
generated control 3[140, 56.7][148, 60.0]Failed

SHA-256 / 72e75a1d288cdfdbd2a5d08aeda22546552a4e0fdd5c90daa1f8689a186e0cda

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(width_cm, sts_per_10cm, repeat, edge, ease_cm):
    w = Fraction(str(width_cm)) + Fraction(str(ease_cm))
    g = Fraction(str(sts_per_10cm))
    if w <= 0 or g <= 0 or repeat < 1:
        return 'error: bad measurements'
    raw = w * g / 10
    body = repeat * math.floor(raw / repeat + Fraction(1, 2))
    body = max(repeat, body)
    total = body + 2 * edge
    actual = body * 10 / g
    return [total, math.floor(actual * 10 + Fraction(1, 2)) / 10]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [3, '18', 8, 1, 10], [26, 13.3]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [40, '27.5', 2, 3, 7.5], [136, 47.3]],
  ['generated control 1', [3, '22', 6, 3, 7.5], [30, 10.9]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '27.5', 12, 3, 0], [90, 30.5]],
  ['generated control 3', [52.5, '24', 2, 2, 7.5], [148, 60.0]]],
 [['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [50, '27.5', 8, 2, -5], [124, 43.6]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [10, '24', 1, 3, 10], [54, 20.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [30, '27.5', 12, 2, 0], [88, 30.5]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '22', 1, 3, 0], [72, 30.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [45, '24', 1, 0, -5], [96, 40.0]]],
 [['narrow strap one repeat', [3, '16', 8, 2, 0], [12, 5.0]],
  ['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['regression: ease sign', [30, '20', 12, 0, 10], [84, 42.0]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [10, '22', 8, 3, -5], [14, 3.6]],
  ['generated control 1', [3, '22', 6, 1, -2], [8, 2.7]],
  ['generated control 2', [30, '20', 12, 3, 0], [66, 30.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [50, '27.5', 2, 0, 0], [138, 50.2]]],
 [['negative ease', [40, '24', 2, 1, -5], [86, 35.0]],
  ['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [52.5, '24', 6, 3, 5], [144, 57.5]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [50, '16', 12, 0, 10], [96, 60.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [10, '20', 12, 2, 5], [40, 18.0]],
  ['generated control 2', [45, '27.5', 6, 2, 10], [154, 54.5]],
  ['generated control 3', [40, '22', 4, 2, -5], [80, 34.5]]],
 [['invalid width', [3, '20', 2, 0, -5], 'error: bad measurements'],
  ['plain stockinette', [50, '20', 1, 0, 0], [100, 50.0]],
  ['rib with selvedges', [45, '22', 4, 1, 5], [114, 50.9]],
  ['regression: ease sign', [52.5, '20', 1, 3, -5], [101, 47.5]],
  ['repair check: ease sign', [50, '20', 6, 3, 7.5], [120, 57.0]],
  ['generated control 1', [50, '16', 4, 1, -2], [78, 47.5]],
  ['generated control 2', [8, '24', 12, 3, -5], [18, 5.0]],
  ['generated control 3', [8, '18', 8, 0, 10], [32, 17.8]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
plain stockinette[100, 50.0][100, 50.0]Passed
rib with selvedges[114, 50.9][114, 50.9]Passed
narrow strap one repeat[12, 5.0][12, 5.0]Passed
regression: ease sign[26, 13.3][26, 13.3]Passed
repair check: ease sign[136, 47.3][136, 47.3]Passed
generated control 1[30, 10.9][30, 10.9]Passed
generated control 2[90, 30.5][90, 30.5]Passed
generated control 3[148, 60.0][148, 60.0]Passed

SHA-256 / 68ef6a3117055f401f3d944567da55ab04e7a4fd1db719b4eb1893be80df7422

Verification & scope

A deterministic toy contract stated in full here; it is a bounded teaching model, not an authoritative reference or standards implementation. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:52:31.221644+00:00.

Case digest / 1f2ce96ed8877b48f763480098c7d915a2b7d1c9b759f9dbcc7e089389792aba