FAILURE MAP
← Case archive

FA-91616 / Digital signal filters / Open access

Coefficient quantizer measures error before clipping · case 01

max_error understates the real error for saturated coefficients.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 7 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

The error uses the unclipped code rather than the stored code.

VERIFIED REPAIR

Compute the error from the saturated code.

Unsuccessful approach: The attempted repair uses the saturated code but reports the error in LSB units instead of coefficient units.

Case contract

Input [coeffs, f, B, mode]: quantize each decimal coefficient to a B-bit two's-complement code with f fractional bits; "nearest" rounds half away from zero, "truncate" floors. Codes saturate to [-2^(B-1), 2^(B-1)-1]. Return {"codes", "saturated": count of clipped codes, "max_error": max |code/2^f - c| after saturation as a fraction string}.

Why this case matters

Coefficient quantization decides whether a fixed-point filter still meets spec; rounding and saturation slips shift poles.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    coeffs, f, B, mode = x
    scale = 2 ** f
    hi, lo = 2 ** (B - 1) - 1, -2 ** (B - 1)
    codes = []
    sat = 0
    err = Fraction(0)
    for s in coeffs:
        c = Fraction(s)
        v = c * scale
        if mode == 'nearest':
            q = math.floor(abs(v) + Fraction(1, 2)) * (1 if v >= 0 else -1)
        else:
            q = math.floor(v)
        raw = q
        if q > hi or q < lo:
            sat += 1
            q = max(lo, min(hi, q))
        codes.append(q)
        err = max(err, abs(Fraction(raw, scale) - c))
    return {'codes': codes, 'saturated': sat, 'max_error': str(err)}
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['regression: negative overflow', [['-1.5'], 7, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/2'}], ['repair check: tie cases nearest', [['0.125', '0.375', '-0.125'], 2, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/8'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 8', [['0.08', '-2.194', '-0.29'], 4, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, -32, -5], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '97/500'}], ['regression: random quantize 9', [['-0.92', '1.79'], 4, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 15], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '341/400'}], ['regression: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 21', [['1.81'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [63], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1321/1600'}], ['regression: random quantize 26', [['-1.848', '0.82', '-1.59'], 2, 3, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 3, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '106/125'}], ['repair check: random quantize 0', [['-1.79', '1.59'], 3, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/100'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 32', [['-1.79', '-1.633', '-0.38'], 3, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-8, -8, -3], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '79/100'}], ['regression: random quantize 36', [['-1.29', '-1.846'], 3, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-8, -8], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '423/500'}], ['repair check: random quantize 2', [['-0.09', '-0.09', '0.397'], 4, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-1, -1, 6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/400'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 38', [['2.146', '-1.527', '-1.91'], 5, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [31, -32, -32], 'saturated': 3, 'max_error': '4709/4000'}], ['regression: random quantize 39', [['1.85', '-1.902'], 3, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [7, -8], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '39/40'}], ['regression: random quantize 4', [['-1.49', '-1.91'], 2, 3, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '91/100'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression: positive overflow{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '7/3200', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}Failed
regression: negative overflow{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}Failed
repair check: tie cases nearest{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: negative full scale{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: exact grid{'codes': [2, -1], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: exact grid truncate{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: integer multiple truncate{'codes': [-4, 10], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-4, 10], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed

SHA-256 / 9d54efc7ffcfabe2a10ff577dba230b184ae9ff3dee3d42afa8c0ddd5a44e3b1

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    coeffs, f, B, mode = x
    scale = 2 ** f
    hi, lo = 2 ** (B - 1) - 1, -2 ** (B - 1)
    codes = []
    sat = 0
    err = Fraction(0)
    for s in coeffs:
        c = Fraction(s)
        v = c * scale
        if mode == 'nearest':
            q = math.floor(abs(v) + Fraction(1, 2)) * (1 if v >= 0 else -1)
        else:
            q = math.floor(v)
        if q > hi or q < lo:
            sat += 1
            q = max(lo, min(hi, q))
        codes.append(q)
        err = max(err, abs(q - v))
    return {'codes': codes, 'saturated': sat, 'max_error': str(err)}
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['regression: negative overflow', [['-1.5'], 7, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/2'}], ['repair check: tie cases nearest', [['0.125', '0.375', '-0.125'], 2, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/8'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 8', [['0.08', '-2.194', '-0.29'], 4, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, -32, -5], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '97/500'}], ['regression: random quantize 9', [['-0.92', '1.79'], 4, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 15], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '341/400'}], ['regression: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 21', [['1.81'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [63], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1321/1600'}], ['regression: random quantize 26', [['-1.848', '0.82', '-1.59'], 2, 3, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 3, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '106/125'}], ['repair check: random quantize 0', [['-1.79', '1.59'], 3, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/100'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 32', [['-1.79', '-1.633', '-0.38'], 3, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-8, -8, -3], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '79/100'}], ['regression: random quantize 36', [['-1.29', '-1.846'], 3, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-8, -8], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '423/500'}], ['repair check: random quantize 2', [['-0.09', '-0.09', '0.397'], 4, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-1, -1, 6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/400'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 38', [['2.146', '-1.527', '-1.91'], 5, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [31, -32, -32], 'saturated': 3, 'max_error': '4709/4000'}], ['regression: random quantize 39', [['1.85', '-1.902'], 3, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [7, -8], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '39/40'}], ['regression: random quantize 4', [['-1.49', '-1.91'], 2, 3, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '91/100'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression: positive overflow{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}Failed
regression: negative overflow{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '64', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}Failed
repair check: tie cases nearest{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}Failed
control: negative full scale{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: exact grid{'codes': [2, -1], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: exact grid truncate{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: integer multiple truncate{'codes': [-4, 10], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-4, 10], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed

SHA-256 / aa6a6e86dfc3f1ac5c15ac2dd95937950c5c74e9df3845cd894592f17e0e2d33

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    coeffs, f, B, mode = x
    scale = 2 ** f
    hi, lo = 2 ** (B - 1) - 1, -2 ** (B - 1)
    codes = []
    sat = 0
    err = Fraction(0)
    for s in coeffs:
        c = Fraction(s)
        v = c * scale
        if mode == 'nearest':
            q = math.floor(abs(v) + Fraction(1, 2)) * (1 if v >= 0 else -1)
        else:
            q = math.floor(v)
        if q > hi or q < lo:
            sat += 1
            q = max(lo, min(hi, q))
        codes.append(q)
        err = max(err, abs(Fraction(q, scale) - c))
    return {'codes': codes, 'saturated': sat, 'max_error': str(err)}
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['regression: negative overflow', [['-1.5'], 7, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/2'}], ['repair check: tie cases nearest', [['0.125', '0.375', '-0.125'], 2, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/8'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 8', [['0.08', '-2.194', '-0.29'], 4, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, -32, -5], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '97/500'}], ['regression: random quantize 9', [['-0.92', '1.79'], 4, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 15], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '341/400'}], ['regression: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 21', [['1.81'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [63], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1321/1600'}], ['regression: random quantize 26', [['-1.848', '0.82', '-1.59'], 2, 3, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 3, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '106/125'}], ['repair check: random quantize 0', [['-1.79', '1.59'], 3, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/100'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 32', [['-1.79', '-1.633', '-0.38'], 3, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-8, -8, -3], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '79/100'}], ['regression: random quantize 36', [['-1.29', '-1.846'], 3, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-8, -8], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '423/500'}], ['repair check: random quantize 2', [['-0.09', '-0.09', '0.397'], 4, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-1, -1, 6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/400'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]], [['regression: random quantize 38', [['2.146', '-1.527', '-1.91'], 5, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [31, -32, -32], 'saturated': 3, 'max_error': '4709/4000'}], ['regression: random quantize 39', [['1.85', '-1.902'], 3, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [7, -8], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '39/40'}], ['regression: random quantize 4', [['-1.49', '-1.91'], 2, 3, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '91/100'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: integer multiple truncate', [['-0.5', '1.25'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression: positive overflow{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}Passed
regression: negative overflow{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}Passed
repair check: tie cases nearest{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: negative full scale{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: exact grid{'codes': [2, -1], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: exact grid truncate{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: integer multiple truncate{'codes': [-4, 10], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-4, 10], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed

SHA-256 / 4ae57d8919e0f7192204a8322fd727064db7c5a3f145009454a7dd663a9e3ab2

Verification & scope

A deterministic bounded teaching model with a stipulated toy contract; exact rational arithmetic or fixed-decimal rounding keeps outputs strict JSON. It is not a production DSP library and claims no standards conformance. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:51:37.589225+00:00.

Case digest / 89e415a58a9876badbb0b7320233b0ad98bc8f957f4d0a9e748908e01aeb0dd8