FAILURE MAP
← Case archive

FA-91601 / Digital signal filters / Open access

Coefficient quantizer truncates toward zero · case 01

Negative coefficients in truncate mode quantize one LSB too high.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 7 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

Truncation uses int(), which rounds toward zero, instead of floor.

VERIFIED REPAIR

Use floor for two's-complement truncation.

Unsuccessful approach: The attempted repair uses ceil(v) - 1, which is wrong for values already on the grid.

Case contract

Input [coeffs, f, B, mode]: quantize each decimal coefficient to a B-bit two's-complement code with f fractional bits; "nearest" rounds half away from zero, "truncate" floors. Codes saturate to [-2^(B-1), 2^(B-1)-1]. Return {"codes", "saturated": count of clipped codes, "max_error": max |code/2^f - c| after saturation as a fraction string}.

Why this case matters

Coefficient quantization decides whether a fixed-point filter still meets spec; rounding and saturation slips shift poles.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    coeffs, f, B, mode = x
    scale = 2 ** f
    hi, lo = 2 ** (B - 1) - 1, -2 ** (B - 1)
    codes = []
    sat = 0
    err = Fraction(0)
    for s in coeffs:
        c = Fraction(s)
        v = c * scale
        if mode == 'nearest':
            q = math.floor(abs(v) + Fraction(1, 2)) * (1 if v >= 0 else -1)
        else:
            q = int(v)
        if q > hi or q < lo:
            sat += 1
            q = max(lo, min(hi, q))
        codes.append(q)
        err = max(err, abs(Fraction(q, scale) - c))
    return {'codes': codes, 'saturated': sat, 'max_error': str(err)}
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression: negative truncate', [['-0.3', '0.3'], 3, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-3, 2], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '3/40'}], ['regression: random quantize 0', [['-1.79', '1.59'], 3, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/100'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: tie cases nearest', [['0.125', '0.375', '-0.125'], 2, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/8'}], ['control: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: negative overflow', [['-1.5'], 7, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/2'}]], [['regression: random quantize 7', [['-2.111', '2.022', '-1.492'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-17, 16, -12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/500'}], ['regression: random quantize 9', [['-0.92', '1.79'], 4, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 15], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '341/400'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 2', [['-0.09', '-0.09', '0.397'], 4, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-1, -1, 6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/400'}], ['control: random quantize 3', [['-1.8'], 3, 5, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-14], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/20'}], ['control: random quantize 4', [['-1.49', '-1.91'], 2, 3, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '91/100'}]], [['regression: random quantize 11', [['-0.158', '1.311', '1.13', '-0.89'], 6, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-11, 83, 72, -57], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '113/8000'}], ['regression: random quantize 14', [['-1.84', '1.735', '0.56', '1.37'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 13, 4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '3/25'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 5', [['1.92'], 4, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [30], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/200'}], ['control: random quantize 6', [['2.04', '0.49'], 3, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [16, 4], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/25'}], ['control: random quantize 8', [['0.08', '-2.194', '-0.29'], 4, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, -32, -5], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '97/500'}], ['control: random quantize 12', [['-0.52', '-2.037', '1.37'], 3, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -16, 11], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '37/1000'}]], [['regression: random quantize 17', [['-0.86'], 2, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '7/50'}], ['regression: random quantize 18', [['0.742', '0.423', '0.231', '-0.3'], 4, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [11, 6, 3, -5], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '109/2000'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 13', [['0.615'], 3, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [5], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/100'}], ['control: random quantize 16', [['0.334'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [21], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '47/8000'}], ['control: random quantize 20', [['-1.201', '-0.66', '-1.739', '-0.86'], 2, 5, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-5, -3, -7, -3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/100'}], ['control: random quantize 21', [['1.81'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [63], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1321/1600'}]], [['regression: random quantize 24', [['-1.135', '-1.03'], 4, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-19, -17], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '21/400'}], ['regression: random quantize 28', [['1.91', '-1.259'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [7, -6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '241/1000'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 22', [['-1.31', '1.54', '-0.187'], 5, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-42, 49, -6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '7/800'}], ['control: random quantize 23', [['-0.61', '1.01'], 6, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-39, 65], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/1600'}], ['control: random quantize 25', [['0.186', '0.87', '-2.12', '1.06'], 6, 9, 'nearest'], {'codes': [12, 56, -136, 68], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/200'}], ['control: random quantize 26', [['-1.848', '0.82', '-1.59'], 2, 3, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 3, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '106/125'}]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression: negative truncate{'codes': [-2, 2], 'max_error': '1/20', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-3, 2], 'max_error': '3/40', 'saturated': 0}Failed
regression: random quantize 0{'codes': [-14, 12], 'max_error': '9/100', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-15, 12], 'max_error': '9/100', 'saturated': 0}Failed
repair check: exact grid truncate{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: tie cases nearest{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: positive overflow{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}Passed
control: negative full scale{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: negative overflow{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}Passed

SHA-256 / fa7a26492ef8ae2cf398e8d6bc5bfb67dd403e0b43d3b8d3330a26acbdf8db18

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    coeffs, f, B, mode = x
    scale = 2 ** f
    hi, lo = 2 ** (B - 1) - 1, -2 ** (B - 1)
    codes = []
    sat = 0
    err = Fraction(0)
    for s in coeffs:
        c = Fraction(s)
        v = c * scale
        if mode == 'nearest':
            q = math.floor(abs(v) + Fraction(1, 2)) * (1 if v >= 0 else -1)
        else:
            q = math.ceil(v) - 1
        if q > hi or q < lo:
            sat += 1
            q = max(lo, min(hi, q))
        codes.append(q)
        err = max(err, abs(Fraction(q, scale) - c))
    return {'codes': codes, 'saturated': sat, 'max_error': str(err)}
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression: negative truncate', [['-0.3', '0.3'], 3, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-3, 2], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '3/40'}], ['regression: random quantize 0', [['-1.79', '1.59'], 3, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/100'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: tie cases nearest', [['0.125', '0.375', '-0.125'], 2, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/8'}], ['control: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: negative overflow', [['-1.5'], 7, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/2'}]], [['regression: random quantize 7', [['-2.111', '2.022', '-1.492'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-17, 16, -12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/500'}], ['regression: random quantize 9', [['-0.92', '1.79'], 4, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 15], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '341/400'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 2', [['-0.09', '-0.09', '0.397'], 4, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-1, -1, 6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/400'}], ['control: random quantize 3', [['-1.8'], 3, 5, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-14], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/20'}], ['control: random quantize 4', [['-1.49', '-1.91'], 2, 3, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '91/100'}]], [['regression: random quantize 11', [['-0.158', '1.311', '1.13', '-0.89'], 6, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-11, 83, 72, -57], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '113/8000'}], ['regression: random quantize 14', [['-1.84', '1.735', '0.56', '1.37'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 13, 4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '3/25'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 5', [['1.92'], 4, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [30], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/200'}], ['control: random quantize 6', [['2.04', '0.49'], 3, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [16, 4], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/25'}], ['control: random quantize 8', [['0.08', '-2.194', '-0.29'], 4, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, -32, -5], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '97/500'}], ['control: random quantize 12', [['-0.52', '-2.037', '1.37'], 3, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -16, 11], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '37/1000'}]], [['regression: random quantize 17', [['-0.86'], 2, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '7/50'}], ['regression: random quantize 18', [['0.742', '0.423', '0.231', '-0.3'], 4, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [11, 6, 3, -5], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '109/2000'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 13', [['0.615'], 3, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [5], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/100'}], ['control: random quantize 16', [['0.334'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [21], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '47/8000'}], ['control: random quantize 20', [['-1.201', '-0.66', '-1.739', '-0.86'], 2, 5, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-5, -3, -7, -3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/100'}], ['control: random quantize 21', [['1.81'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [63], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1321/1600'}]], [['regression: random quantize 24', [['-1.135', '-1.03'], 4, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-19, -17], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '21/400'}], ['regression: random quantize 28', [['1.91', '-1.259'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [7, -6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '241/1000'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 22', [['-1.31', '1.54', '-0.187'], 5, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-42, 49, -6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '7/800'}], ['control: random quantize 23', [['-0.61', '1.01'], 6, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-39, 65], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/1600'}], ['control: random quantize 25', [['0.186', '0.87', '-2.12', '1.06'], 6, 9, 'nearest'], {'codes': [12, 56, -136, 68], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/200'}], ['control: random quantize 26', [['-1.848', '0.82', '-1.59'], 2, 3, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 3, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '106/125'}]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression: negative truncate{'codes': [-3, 2], 'max_error': '3/40', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-3, 2], 'max_error': '3/40', 'saturated': 0}Passed
regression: random quantize 0{'codes': [-15, 12], 'max_error': '9/100', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-15, 12], 'max_error': '9/100', 'saturated': 0}Passed
repair check: exact grid truncate{'codes': [1, -2, 2], 'max_error': '1/4', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Failed
control: tie cases nearest{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: positive overflow{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}Passed
control: negative full scale{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: negative overflow{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}Passed

SHA-256 / b2e3e7986de598a0734f5a3dbc431c41efc72479a8a3d2c2cdc074987069ac59

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    coeffs, f, B, mode = x
    scale = 2 ** f
    hi, lo = 2 ** (B - 1) - 1, -2 ** (B - 1)
    codes = []
    sat = 0
    err = Fraction(0)
    for s in coeffs:
        c = Fraction(s)
        v = c * scale
        if mode == 'nearest':
            q = math.floor(abs(v) + Fraction(1, 2)) * (1 if v >= 0 else -1)
        else:
            q = math.floor(v)
        if q > hi or q < lo:
            sat += 1
            q = max(lo, min(hi, q))
        codes.append(q)
        err = max(err, abs(Fraction(q, scale) - c))
    return {'codes': codes, 'saturated': sat, 'max_error': str(err)}
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression: negative truncate', [['-0.3', '0.3'], 3, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-3, 2], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '3/40'}], ['regression: random quantize 0', [['-1.79', '1.59'], 3, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/100'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: tie cases nearest', [['0.125', '0.375', '-0.125'], 2, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/8'}], ['control: positive overflow', [['1', '0.99'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [127, 127], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/128'}], ['control: negative full scale', [['-1'], 7, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: negative overflow', [['-1.5'], 7, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-128], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1/2'}]], [['regression: random quantize 7', [['-2.111', '2.022', '-1.492'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-17, 16, -12], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/500'}], ['regression: random quantize 9', [['-0.92', '1.79'], 4, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 15], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '341/400'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: exact grid', [['0.5', '-0.25'], 2, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [2, -1], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 2', [['-0.09', '-0.09', '0.397'], 4, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-1, -1, 6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/400'}], ['control: random quantize 3', [['-1.8'], 3, 5, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-14], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/20'}], ['control: random quantize 4', [['-1.49', '-1.91'], 2, 3, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '91/100'}]], [['regression: random quantize 11', [['-0.158', '1.311', '1.13', '-0.89'], 6, 8, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-11, 83, 72, -57], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '113/8000'}], ['regression: random quantize 14', [['-1.84', '1.735', '0.56', '1.37'], 3, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-15, 13, 4, 10], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '3/25'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 5', [['1.92'], 4, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [30], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/200'}], ['control: random quantize 6', [['2.04', '0.49'], 3, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [16, 4], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/25'}], ['control: random quantize 8', [['0.08', '-2.194', '-0.29'], 4, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [1, -32, -5], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '97/500'}], ['control: random quantize 12', [['-0.52', '-2.037', '1.37'], 3, 6, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-4, -16, 11], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '37/1000'}]], [['regression: random quantize 17', [['-0.86'], 2, 5, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '7/50'}], ['regression: random quantize 18', [['0.742', '0.423', '0.231', '-0.3'], 4, 6, 'truncate'], {'codes': [11, 6, 3, -5], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '109/2000'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 13', [['0.615'], 3, 4, 'nearest'], {'codes': [5], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/100'}], ['control: random quantize 16', [['0.334'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [21], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '47/8000'}], ['control: random quantize 20', [['-1.201', '-0.66', '-1.739', '-0.86'], 2, 5, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-5, -3, -7, -3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '11/100'}], ['control: random quantize 21', [['1.81'], 6, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [63], 'saturated': 1, 'max_error': '1321/1600'}]], [['regression: random quantize 24', [['-1.135', '-1.03'], 4, 7, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-19, -17], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '21/400'}], ['regression: random quantize 28', [['1.91', '-1.259'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [7, -6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '241/1000'}], ['repair check: exact grid truncate', [['0.5', '-0.25', '0.75'], 2, 4, 'truncate'], {'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '0'}], ['control: random quantize 22', [['-1.31', '1.54', '-0.187'], 5, 7, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-42, 49, -6], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '7/800'}], ['control: random quantize 23', [['-0.61', '1.01'], 6, 8, 'nearest'], {'codes': [-39, 65], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '9/1600'}], ['control: random quantize 25', [['0.186', '0.87', '-2.12', '1.06'], 6, 9, 'nearest'], {'codes': [12, 56, -136, 68], 'saturated': 0, 'max_error': '1/200'}], ['control: random quantize 26', [['-1.848', '0.82', '-1.59'], 2, 3, 'truncate'], {'codes': [-4, 3, -4], 'saturated': 2, 'max_error': '106/125'}]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression: negative truncate{'codes': [-3, 2], 'max_error': '3/40', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-3, 2], 'max_error': '3/40', 'saturated': 0}Passed
regression: random quantize 0{'codes': [-15, 12], 'max_error': '9/100', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-15, 12], 'max_error': '9/100', 'saturated': 0}Passed
repair check: exact grid truncate{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [2, -1, 3], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: tie cases nearest{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [1, 2, -1], 'max_error': '1/8', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: positive overflow{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [127, 127], 'max_error': '1/128', 'saturated': 1}Passed
control: negative full scale{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '0', 'saturated': 0}Passed
control: negative overflow{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}{'codes': [-128], 'max_error': '1/2', 'saturated': 1}Passed

SHA-256 / a028efcdbfb3bf6463238a15f35d33f8803401137b4b97a2e0591f8fd87d9502

Verification & scope

A deterministic bounded teaching model with a stipulated toy contract; exact rational arithmetic or fixed-decimal rounding keeps outputs strict JSON. It is not a production DSP library and claims no standards conformance. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:51:37.551260+00:00.

Case digest / b74af35eaaac3e9c16541faee36cf4910b18f859d30d0712a57da1c29f26ac49