FAILURE MAP
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FA-88721 / Mesh topology invariants / Open access

Tetrahedral boundary faces have mixed winding · case 01

Two of the four faces of each tet point inward in the extracted surface.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 7 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

The faces opposite b and d are listed as (a,c,d) and (a,b,c).

VERIFIED REPAIR

Use (b,c,d),(a,d,c),(a,b,d),(a,c,b).

Unsuccessful approach: Fixing the face opposite b still leaves the face opposite d inward.

Case contract

Input: tetrahedra [a,b,c,d] (positively oriented). A tet with repeated vertices returns ["degenerate", i]. Outward faces are (b,c,d),(a,d,c),(a,b,d),(a,c,b). Faces are matched by their vertex set; a set used once is boundary (kept with its first orientation, rotated to start at its smallest vertex); used more than twice returns ["non-manifold", sorted vertices]. Output boundary faces in increasing sorted-vertex-set order.

Why this case matters

Mesh processing pipelines (remeshing, export, simulation, printing) trust these topological counts and adjacency answers; a wrong invariant silently accepts broken meshes or rejects valid ones.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    tets=x
    cnt={}
    first={}
    for i,t in enumerate(tets):
        if len(set(t))<4: return ['degenerate',i]
        a,b,c,d=t
        for f in ((b,c,d),(a,c,d),(a,b,d),(a,b,c)):
            k=tuple(sorted(f))
            cnt[k]=cnt.get(k,0)+1
            if k not in first: first[k]=f
    out=[]
    for k in sorted(cnt):
        if cnt[k]==1:
            f=first[k]
            m=f.index(min(f))
            out.append(list(f[m:]+f[:m]))
        elif cnt[k]>2: return ['non-manifold',list(k)]
    return out
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]]], [['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
single tet[[0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3], [0, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]][[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]Failed
two tets sharing a face[[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 2, 3], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 4]][[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]Failed
three tets around an edge[[0, 2, 3], [0, 4, 2], [0, 3, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]][[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]Failed
fin face['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]Passed
degenerate tet['degenerate', 1]['degenerate', 1]Passed
degenerate first pair['degenerate', 0]['degenerate', 0]Passed
degenerate late pair['degenerate', 0]['degenerate', 0]Passed

SHA-256 / 261f21171ff86a6f9473b1ebfdf355822f86108ec1050996b30b1785bc7b4b91

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    tets=x
    cnt={}
    first={}
    for i,t in enumerate(tets):
        if len(set(t))<4: return ['degenerate',i]
        a,b,c,d=t
        for f in ((b,c,d),(a,d,c),(a,b,d),(a,b,c)):
            k=tuple(sorted(f))
            cnt[k]=cnt.get(k,0)+1
            if k not in first: first[k]=f
    out=[]
    for k in sorted(cnt):
        if cnt[k]==1:
            f=first[k]
            m=f.index(min(f))
            out.append(list(f[m:]+f[:m]))
        elif cnt[k]>2: return ['non-manifold',list(k)]
    return out
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]]], [['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
single tet[[0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]][[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]Failed
two tets sharing a face[[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]][[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]Passed
three tets around an edge[[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]][[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]Passed
fin face['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]Passed
degenerate tet['degenerate', 1]['degenerate', 1]Passed
degenerate first pair['degenerate', 0]['degenerate', 0]Passed
degenerate late pair['degenerate', 0]['degenerate', 0]Passed

SHA-256 / 4b9849e9057ff8e6cd35adefadb885e977f1089baf076989824b93a02861f942

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    tets=x
    cnt={}
    first={}
    for i,t in enumerate(tets):
        if len(set(t))<4: return ['degenerate',i]
        a,b,c,d=t
        for f in ((b,c,d),(a,d,c),(a,b,d),(a,c,b)):
            k=tuple(sorted(f))
            cnt[k]=cnt.get(k,0)+1
            if k not in first: first[k]=f
    out=[]
    for k in sorted(cnt):
        if cnt[k]==1:
            f=first[k]
            m=f.index(min(f))
            out.append(list(f[m:]+f[:m]))
        elif cnt[k]>2: return ['non-manifold',list(k)]
    return out
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]]], [['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['two tets sharing a face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4]]], [[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['three tets around an edge', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 3, 4], [0, 1, 4, 2]]], [[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]], ['fin face', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 0, 2, 4], [0, 1, 2, 5]]], ['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]]], [['single tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['degenerate tet', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 5, 6]]], ['degenerate', 1]], ['degenerate first pair', [[[2, 2, 3, 4]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['degenerate late pair', [[[0, 1, 2, 2]]], ['degenerate', 0]], ['rotated labels', [[[3, 1, 0, 2]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]], ['large labels', [[[10, 7, 9, 8], [7, 10, 9, 11]]], [[7, 9, 8], [7, 8, 10], [7, 11, 9], [7, 10, 11], [8, 9, 10], [9, 11, 10]]], ['two separate tets', [[[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]]], [[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7], [4, 7, 6], [5, 6, 7]]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
single tet[[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]][[0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 3], [0, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3]]Passed
two tets sharing a face[[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]][[0, 1, 3], [0, 4, 1], [0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2]]Passed
three tets around an edge[[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]][[0, 3, 2], [0, 2, 4], [0, 4, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 2], [1, 3, 4]]Passed
fin face['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]['non-manifold', [0, 1, 2]]Passed
degenerate tet['degenerate', 1]['degenerate', 1]Passed
degenerate first pair['degenerate', 0]['degenerate', 0]Passed
degenerate late pair['degenerate', 0]['degenerate', 0]Passed

SHA-256 / 874ba7c87e89b56feb20a3e599b8fbd80ca711f703ce1cb7808c509bb1b39059

Verification & scope

Pure combinatorial teaching model over integer face lists with a stipulated contract; no geometry kernel or file format is implied. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:51:10.770232+00:00.

Case digest / 252dee623fc93ddcfa39604a84680e0c1f1a30105ad337659836d59bac0bea9c