FA-74111 / Feature flag rollout bucketing / Open access
Semantic version clause: Prereleases outrank their release · case 01
A "greater than 1.0.0-rc.1" rule excludes the final 1.0.0 release.
ROOT CAUSE
When exactly one side has a prerelease, the sign of the comparison is inverted.
VERIFIED REPAIR
Rank the version without a prerelease above the one with a prerelease.
Unsuccessful approach: Declaring them equal hides the difference between a release candidate and the release.
Case contract
Versions are MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH]][-prerelease][+build]; missing components are 0, build metadata is ignored, anything else is invalid (return None). A release outranks its prereleases; prerelease identifiers compare numerically when all digits, lexically otherwise, numeric below alphanumeric, and a shorter identifier list ranks lower when it is a prefix. op is semVerLessThan, semVerEqual or semVerGreaterThan; unknown ops return None.
Why this case matters
Targeting by app version gates features to clients that can render them.
1 / The failure
Exit 1"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(version, op, target):
def parse(s):
s = s.split('+', 1)[0]
core, _, pre = s.partition('-')
parts = core.split('.')
if not 1 <= len(parts) <= 3 or not all(p.isdigit() for p in parts):
return None
nums = [int(p) for p in parts] + [0] * (3 - len(parts))
ids = pre.split('.') if pre else []
return nums, ids
def key_id(i):
return (0, int(i), '') if i.isdigit() else (1, 0, i)
def cmp(a, b):
if a[0] != b[0]:
return -1 if a[0] < b[0] else 1
x, y = a[1], b[1]
if not x or not y:
return (len(y) == 0) - (len(x) == 0) if (x or y) else 0
for p, q in zip(x, y):
kp, kq = key_id(p), key_id(q)
if kp != kq:
return -1 if kp < kq else 1
return (len(x) > len(y)) - (len(x) < len(y))
a, b = parse(version), parse(target)
if a is None or b is None:
return None
c = cmp(a, b)
return {'semVerLessThan': c < 0, 'semVerEqual': c == 0, 'semVerGreaterThan': c > 0}.get(op)
def check(label, actual, expected):
observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[('numeric prerelease identifiers compare as numbers',
['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-beta.2'],
True),
('numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric', ['1.0.0-1', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('version pair sample 1', ['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-alpha'], False),
('version pair sample 2', ['1.0.0-alpha', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], False),
('version pair sample 3', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True)],
[('numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric', ['1.0.0-1', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('version pair sample 6', ['1.0.0.0', 'semVerEqual', '2.1'], None),
('version pair sample 27', ['1.0.0-10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 46', ['1.0.0-10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0'], True)],
[('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('version pair sample 11', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0.0'], None),
('version pair sample 36', ['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 58', ['1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha.beta'], True)],
[('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('minor ten beats minor nine', ['2.10.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.9.0'], True),
('version pair sample 3', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 16', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], False),
('version pair sample 17', ['2.9.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-alpha.10'], False)],
[('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('minor ten beats minor nine', ['2.10.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.9.0'], True),
('four components are invalid', ['1.0.0.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], None),
('version pair sample 21', ['2.1.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.1'], False),
('version pair sample 55', ['1.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-10'], False),
('version pair sample 58', ['1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha.beta'], True)]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| numeric prerelease identifiers compare as numbers | True | True | Passed |
| numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric | True | True | Passed |
| release outranks its prerelease | False | True | Failed |
| two-component version pads patch | True | True | Passed |
| build metadata is ignored | True | True | Passed |
| version pair sample 1 | False | False | Passed |
| version pair sample 2 | False | False | Passed |
| version pair sample 3 | False | True | Failed |
SHA-256 / 07aa6dceedcf8a1784fda3e46d7b21fdd700a3fde5f741ce042caf46e450fe17
2 / The unsuccessful fix
Exit 1"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(version, op, target):
def parse(s):
s = s.split('+', 1)[0]
core, _, pre = s.partition('-')
parts = core.split('.')
if not 1 <= len(parts) <= 3 or not all(p.isdigit() for p in parts):
return None
nums = [int(p) for p in parts] + [0] * (3 - len(parts))
ids = pre.split('.') if pre else []
return nums, ids
def key_id(i):
return (0, int(i), '') if i.isdigit() else (1, 0, i)
def cmp(a, b):
if a[0] != b[0]:
return -1 if a[0] < b[0] else 1
x, y = a[1], b[1]
if not x or not y:
return 0
for p, q in zip(x, y):
kp, kq = key_id(p), key_id(q)
if kp != kq:
return -1 if kp < kq else 1
return (len(x) > len(y)) - (len(x) < len(y))
a, b = parse(version), parse(target)
if a is None or b is None:
return None
c = cmp(a, b)
return {'semVerLessThan': c < 0, 'semVerEqual': c == 0, 'semVerGreaterThan': c > 0}.get(op)
def check(label, actual, expected):
observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[('numeric prerelease identifiers compare as numbers',
['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-beta.2'],
True),
('numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric', ['1.0.0-1', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('version pair sample 1', ['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-alpha'], False),
('version pair sample 2', ['1.0.0-alpha', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], False),
('version pair sample 3', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True)],
[('numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric', ['1.0.0-1', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('version pair sample 6', ['1.0.0.0', 'semVerEqual', '2.1'], None),
('version pair sample 27', ['1.0.0-10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 46', ['1.0.0-10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0'], True)],
[('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('version pair sample 11', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0.0'], None),
('version pair sample 36', ['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 58', ['1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha.beta'], True)],
[('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('minor ten beats minor nine', ['2.10.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.9.0'], True),
('version pair sample 3', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 16', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], False),
('version pair sample 17', ['2.9.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-alpha.10'], False)],
[('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('minor ten beats minor nine', ['2.10.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.9.0'], True),
('four components are invalid', ['1.0.0.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], None),
('version pair sample 21', ['2.1.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.1'], False),
('version pair sample 55', ['1.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-10'], False),
('version pair sample 58', ['1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha.beta'], True)]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| numeric prerelease identifiers compare as numbers | True | True | Passed |
| numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric | True | True | Passed |
| release outranks its prerelease | False | True | Failed |
| two-component version pads patch | True | True | Passed |
| build metadata is ignored | True | True | Passed |
| version pair sample 1 | False | False | Passed |
| version pair sample 2 | True | False | Failed |
| version pair sample 3 | False | True | Failed |
SHA-256 / 16f3f4bc99b5e9af54bcfffb9ffb3168ba2a813ef02d9a4a1800b62f0611ca57
3 / The verified repair
Exit 0"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(version, op, target):
def parse(s):
s = s.split('+', 1)[0]
core, _, pre = s.partition('-')
parts = core.split('.')
if not 1 <= len(parts) <= 3 or not all(p.isdigit() for p in parts):
return None
nums = [int(p) for p in parts] + [0] * (3 - len(parts))
ids = pre.split('.') if pre else []
return nums, ids
def key_id(i):
return (0, int(i), '') if i.isdigit() else (1, 0, i)
def cmp(a, b):
if a[0] != b[0]:
return -1 if a[0] < b[0] else 1
x, y = a[1], b[1]
if not x or not y:
return (len(x) == 0) - (len(y) == 0) if (x or y) else 0
for p, q in zip(x, y):
kp, kq = key_id(p), key_id(q)
if kp != kq:
return -1 if kp < kq else 1
return (len(x) > len(y)) - (len(x) < len(y))
a, b = parse(version), parse(target)
if a is None or b is None:
return None
c = cmp(a, b)
return {'semVerLessThan': c < 0, 'semVerEqual': c == 0, 'semVerGreaterThan': c > 0}.get(op)
def check(label, actual, expected):
observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[('numeric prerelease identifiers compare as numbers',
['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-beta.2'],
True),
('numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric', ['1.0.0-1', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('version pair sample 1', ['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-alpha'], False),
('version pair sample 2', ['1.0.0-alpha', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], False),
('version pair sample 3', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True)],
[('numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric', ['1.0.0-1', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('version pair sample 6', ['1.0.0.0', 'semVerEqual', '2.1'], None),
('version pair sample 27', ['1.0.0-10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 46', ['1.0.0-10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0'], True)],
[('release outranks its prerelease', ['1.0.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('version pair sample 11', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0.0'], None),
('version pair sample 36', ['1.0.0-beta.11', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 58', ['1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha.beta'], True)],
[('two-component version pads patch', ['2.1', 'semVerEqual', '2.1.0'], True),
('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('minor ten beats minor nine', ['2.10.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.9.0'], True),
('version pair sample 3', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerLessThan', '1.0.0+build.5'], True),
('version pair sample 16', ['1.0.0-alpha.10', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], False),
('version pair sample 17', ['2.9.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-alpha.10'], False)],
[('build metadata is ignored', ['1.0.0+build.5', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], True),
('build metadata after prerelease is ignored', ['1.0.0-rc.1+b7', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-rc.1'], True),
('longer prerelease list ranks higher', ['1.0.0-alpha.1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha'], True),
('minor ten beats minor nine', ['2.10.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.9.0'], True),
('four components are invalid', ['1.0.0.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0'], None),
('version pair sample 21', ['2.1.0', 'semVerGreaterThan', '2.1'], False),
('version pair sample 55', ['1.0', 'semVerEqual', '1.0.0-10'], False),
('version pair sample 58', ['1', 'semVerGreaterThan', '1.0.0-alpha.beta'], True)]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| numeric prerelease identifiers compare as numbers | True | True | Passed |
| numeric identifier ranks below alphanumeric | True | True | Passed |
| release outranks its prerelease | True | True | Passed |
| two-component version pads patch | True | True | Passed |
| build metadata is ignored | True | True | Passed |
| version pair sample 1 | False | False | Passed |
| version pair sample 2 | False | False | Passed |
| version pair sample 3 | True | True | Passed |
SHA-256 / ad57c5d62b48214cb1ce6bb2066639c5de216b08e57c883fe6edf3de6c3667e0
Verification & scope
A deterministic toy flag-evaluation model with a stipulated contract; it does not reproduce any vendor SDK byte for byte. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.
Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:48:53.739555+00:00.
Case digest / b9a353e076a44fa59ddd73f9e12edc91beed3aba98242aeccf987703d01065f6