FA-72422 / Check-digit algorithms / Member archive
ISBN-10 weights start at nine · case 02
Correct ISBNs are rejected and some typos are accepted.
Case contract
ISBN-10 validation. Hyphens and spaces are removed; the rest must be nine ASCII digits followed by a digit or uppercase X (value 10), else "malformed". Weights run 10 down to 1 from the left and the number is "valid" when the weighted sum is divisible by 11, else "invalid".
Why this case matters
Catalogue and bookstore systems validate legacy ISBN-10 identifiers on intake.
One recorded failure
Sample boundary fixtureThis sample comes from the broken implementation of a controlled reproducer.
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| regression ["9379774826"] | "invalid" | "valid" | Failed |
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