FAILURE MAP
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FA-71726 / Seismic magnitude estimation / Open access

Regional conversion to Mw: ML saturation · case 01

Saturated ML 6.5 is passed through as Mw 6.5.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 8 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

No upper validity limit is applied to ML.

VERIFIED REPAIR

Return None for ML > 6.0.

Unsuccessful approach: Raising the limit to 7.0 still passes saturated ML values.

Case contract

Case-sensitive type. ML: < 3.5 -> 0.8 ML + 0.6; 3.5..6.0 -> ML; > 6.0 None. mb: 3.5..6.2 -> 1.54 mb - 2.54, else None. Ms: <= 6.1 -> 0.67 Ms + 2.07; 6.1 < Ms <= 8.2 -> 0.99 Ms + 0.08; else None. Other types None. Round half up to 0.1 via floor(x*10 + 0.5)/10.

Why this case matters

Homogenised catalogues convert heterogeneous magnitudes to a common Mw.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(mtype, value):
    if mtype == "ML":
        x = 0.8 * value + 0.6 if value < 3.5 else value
    elif mtype == "mb":
        if not (3.5 <= value <= 6.2):
            return None
        x = 1.54 * value - 2.54
    elif mtype == "Ms":
        if value > 8.2:
            return None
        x = 0.67 * value + 2.07 if value <= 6.1 else 0.99 * value + 0.08
    else:
        return None
    return math.floor(x * 10 + 0.5) / 10
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['ML 2.0', ['ML', 2.0], 2.2], ['ML 3.4', ['ML', 3.4], 3.3], ['ML 3.5', ['ML', 3.5], 3.5], ['ML 4.8', ['ML', 4.8], 4.8], ['ML 6.0', ['ML', 6.0], 6.0], ['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9], ['mb 5.0', ['mb', 5.0], 5.2], ['mb 6.2', ['mb', 6.2], 7.0], ['mb 6.3', ['mb', 6.3], None], ['Ms 4.0', ['Ms', 4.0], 4.8]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['Ms 6.1', ['Ms', 6.1], 6.2], ['Ms 6.2', ['Ms', 6.2], 6.2], ['Ms 8.2', ['Ms', 8.2], 8.2], ['Ms 8.3', ['Ms', 8.3], None], ['Md 3.0', ['Md', 3.0], None], ['ml 4.0', ['ml', 4.0], None]], [['ML 3.4', ['ML', 3.4], 3.3], ['ML 3.5', ['ML', 3.5], 3.5], ['ML 4.8', ['ML', 4.8], 4.8], ['ML 6.0', ['ML', 6.0], 6.0], ['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9], ['mb 5.0', ['mb', 5.0], 5.2], ['mb 6.2', ['mb', 6.2], 7.0], ['mb 6.3', ['mb', 6.3], None], ['Ms 4.0', ['Ms', 4.0], 4.8], ['Ms 6.0', ['Ms', 6.0], 6.1]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
ML 2.02.22.2Passed
ML 3.43.33.3Passed
ML 3.53.53.5Passed
ML 4.84.84.8Passed
ML 6.06.06.0Passed
ML 6.16.1NoneFailed
ML 6.96.9NoneFailed
mb 3.4NoneNonePassed

SHA-256 / fb1e8bb4d10919ac512862c2a592f93618fd667488f0fc658e233681dd76a16a

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(mtype, value):
    if mtype == "ML":
        if value > 7.0:
            return None
        x = 0.8 * value + 0.6 if value < 3.5 else value
    elif mtype == "mb":
        if not (3.5 <= value <= 6.2):
            return None
        x = 1.54 * value - 2.54
    elif mtype == "Ms":
        if value > 8.2:
            return None
        x = 0.67 * value + 2.07 if value <= 6.1 else 0.99 * value + 0.08
    else:
        return None
    return math.floor(x * 10 + 0.5) / 10
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['ML 2.0', ['ML', 2.0], 2.2], ['ML 3.4', ['ML', 3.4], 3.3], ['ML 3.5', ['ML', 3.5], 3.5], ['ML 4.8', ['ML', 4.8], 4.8], ['ML 6.0', ['ML', 6.0], 6.0], ['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9], ['mb 5.0', ['mb', 5.0], 5.2], ['mb 6.2', ['mb', 6.2], 7.0], ['mb 6.3', ['mb', 6.3], None], ['Ms 4.0', ['Ms', 4.0], 4.8]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['Ms 6.1', ['Ms', 6.1], 6.2], ['Ms 6.2', ['Ms', 6.2], 6.2], ['Ms 8.2', ['Ms', 8.2], 8.2], ['Ms 8.3', ['Ms', 8.3], None], ['Md 3.0', ['Md', 3.0], None], ['ml 4.0', ['ml', 4.0], None]], [['ML 3.4', ['ML', 3.4], 3.3], ['ML 3.5', ['ML', 3.5], 3.5], ['ML 4.8', ['ML', 4.8], 4.8], ['ML 6.0', ['ML', 6.0], 6.0], ['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9], ['mb 5.0', ['mb', 5.0], 5.2], ['mb 6.2', ['mb', 6.2], 7.0], ['mb 6.3', ['mb', 6.3], None], ['Ms 4.0', ['Ms', 4.0], 4.8], ['Ms 6.0', ['Ms', 6.0], 6.1]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
ML 2.02.22.2Passed
ML 3.43.33.3Passed
ML 3.53.53.5Passed
ML 4.84.84.8Passed
ML 6.06.06.0Passed
ML 6.16.1NoneFailed
ML 6.96.9NoneFailed
mb 3.4NoneNonePassed

SHA-256 / 78de57bac88dd9ea0e9a656860ab195889d7bbcc05c4c227305c81a2c521b0ac

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(mtype, value):
    if mtype == "ML":
        if value > 6.0:
            return None
        x = 0.8 * value + 0.6 if value < 3.5 else value
    elif mtype == "mb":
        if not (3.5 <= value <= 6.2):
            return None
        x = 1.54 * value - 2.54
    elif mtype == "Ms":
        if value > 8.2:
            return None
        x = 0.67 * value + 2.07 if value <= 6.1 else 0.99 * value + 0.08
    else:
        return None
    return math.floor(x * 10 + 0.5) / 10
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['ML 2.0', ['ML', 2.0], 2.2], ['ML 3.4', ['ML', 3.4], 3.3], ['ML 3.5', ['ML', 3.5], 3.5], ['ML 4.8', ['ML', 4.8], 4.8], ['ML 6.0', ['ML', 6.0], 6.0], ['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9], ['mb 5.0', ['mb', 5.0], 5.2], ['mb 6.2', ['mb', 6.2], 7.0], ['mb 6.3', ['mb', 6.3], None], ['Ms 4.0', ['Ms', 4.0], 4.8]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['Ms 6.1', ['Ms', 6.1], 6.2], ['Ms 6.2', ['Ms', 6.2], 6.2], ['Ms 8.2', ['Ms', 8.2], 8.2], ['Ms 8.3', ['Ms', 8.3], None], ['Md 3.0', ['Md', 3.0], None], ['ml 4.0', ['ml', 4.0], None]], [['ML 3.4', ['ML', 3.4], 3.3], ['ML 3.5', ['ML', 3.5], 3.5], ['ML 4.8', ['ML', 4.8], 4.8], ['ML 6.0', ['ML', 6.0], 6.0], ['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.4', ['mb', 3.4], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9]], [['ML 6.1', ['ML', 6.1], None], ['ML 6.9', ['ML', 6.9], None], ['mb 3.5', ['mb', 3.5], 2.9], ['mb 5.0', ['mb', 5.0], 5.2], ['mb 6.2', ['mb', 6.2], 7.0], ['mb 6.3', ['mb', 6.3], None], ['Ms 4.0', ['Ms', 4.0], 4.8], ['Ms 6.0', ['Ms', 6.0], 6.1]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
ML 2.02.22.2Passed
ML 3.43.33.3Passed
ML 3.53.53.5Passed
ML 4.84.84.8Passed
ML 6.06.06.0Passed
ML 6.1NoneNonePassed
ML 6.9NoneNonePassed
mb 3.4NoneNonePassed

SHA-256 / 7d997f41e2296f1b7f9cc68b4b26fac85e6b5ef860d2e06d076581c3e69f8af1

Verification & scope

Stipulated deterministic teaching model of a seismological magnitude procedure; constants and tables are fixed by the contract and no claim of agency or standards conformance is made. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:48:32.258200+00:00.

Case digest / 8cc8f4056e9ca45b76101abd3d9473df0c1e66ff7153e88c2a3fa01a45f87dce