FA-71381 / Seismic magnitude estimation / Open access

Network magnitude from station magnitudes: post-rejection station quorum · case 01

Events keep a published magnitude after rejection leaves too few stations.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 8 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

The minimum station count is not re-checked after rejection.

THE FAILURE

The minimum station count is not re-checked after rejection.

Unsuccessful approach: Requiring one extra raw station does not test the kept set.

Case contract

Station magnitudes are integers in hundredths (None = no reading; 0 and negatives are valid). Require min_stations readings; take the median (mean of the middle pair for even counts), keep stations within 50 hundredths of it inclusive, require min_stations again, take the median of the kept set and round half up to 0.1 magnitude. Return [magnitude, kept count] or None.

Why this case matters

The published event magnitude is a robust network average of station magnitudes.

1 / The failure

Exit 1

"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(station_mags, min_stations):
    vals = sorted(m for m in station_mags if m is not None)
    if len(vals) < min_stations:
        return None
    def med(xs):
        n = len(xs)
        mid = n // 2
        return xs[mid] if n % 2 else (xs[mid - 1] + xs[mid]) / 2
    m0 = med(vals)
    kept = [v for v in vals if abs(v - m0) <= 50]
    m1 = med(kept)
    tenths = int(math.floor((m1 + 5) / 10))
    return [tenths / 10, len(kept)]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['event 0', [[274, 336, 318, 341, 328, None], 4], [3.3, 4]], ['event 1', [[381, 387, 376, 348, 397, 350, 333, 349, None], 3], [3.6, 8]], ['event 2', [[550, 532, 540, 504, 484, 528, 530, 570], 3], [5.3, 8]], ['event 3', [[-34, -47, 14, 21, -68], 3], [-0.4, 4]], ['event 4', [[101, 111, 104, 54, 138, None], 3], [1.0, 5]], ['event 5', [[168, 146, 176, 132, 162, 118, 174, 186], 4], [1.7, 8]], ['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None]], [['event 7', [[469, 498, 493, 486, 467, 522], 4], [4.9, 6]], ['event 8', [[152, 146, 148, 165, 191], 3], [1.5, 5]], ['event 9', [[-26, -9, -1, 4, 0, 64, None], 4], [0.0, 5]], ['event 10', [[498, 507, 494, 464], 3], [5.0, 4]], ['event 11', [[189, 235, 240, 199, 215], 4], [2.2, 5]], ['event 12', [[106, 62, 76, 99, 87, 82, 116, 114, 149], 4], [1.0, 9]], ['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None]], [['event 14', [[125, 133, 111, 191, 191, 148, 241], 3], [1.4, 6]], ['event 15', [[381, 371, 330, 376, 403, 335, 339, 348, None], 3], [3.6, 8]], ['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 17', [[432, 385, 408, 473], 4], None], ['event 18', [[9, 11, -21, 37, -4, 11], 3], [0.1, 6]], ['event 19', [[160, 170, 168, 12, None], 3], [1.7, 3]], ['event 20', [[446, 377, 422, 435, 407, 379, 419, 356], 3], [4.2, 7]], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None]], [['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 21', [[208, 239, 263, 248, 235, 223], 3], [2.4, 6]], ['event 22', [[347, 369, 375, 379, None], 3], [3.7, 4]], ['event 23', [[103, 63, 30, 93], 4], [0.8, 4]], ['event 24', [[142, 93, 150, 136, 125, 91, 82, 115, None], 4], [1.2, 8]], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None], ['event 26', [[55, 21, 75, 67, 25, 28], 3], [0.4, 6]], ['event 27', [[26, 11, -14, -12, -3, 32, -4, 100, None], 4], [0.0, 7]]], [['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None], ['event 28', [[483, 485, 434, 486, 504, 514, None], 3], [4.9, 5]], ['event 29', [[462, 439, 425, 447, 432, 317], 3], [4.4, 5]], ['event 30', [[34, 54, -15, -27], 4], [0.1, 4]], ['event 31', [[269, 318, 251, 298, 329], 3], [3.0, 5]], ['event 32', [[231, 238, 217, 239, 214, 186, 164, 154, None], 3], [2.2, 6]], ['event 33', [[523, 505, 529, 488, 514], 3], [5.1, 5]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)

Boundary fixture	Actual	Expected	Outcome
event 0	`[3.3, 4]`	`[3.3, 4]`	Passed
event 1	`[3.6, 8]`	`[3.6, 8]`	Passed
event 2	`[5.3, 8]`	`[5.3, 8]`	Passed
event 3	`[-0.4, 4]`	`[-0.4, 4]`	Passed
event 4	`[1.0, 5]`	`[1.0, 5]`	Passed
event 5	`[1.7, 8]`	`[1.7, 8]`	Passed
event 16	`[-0.3, 3]`	`None`	Failed
event 25	`[4.9, 3]`	`None`	Failed

SHA-256 / ba64767edb3f59b6545ef4f3a676b3fd3bfa3788e3530590d3a8243d1dcd23ed

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1

"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(station_mags, min_stations):
    vals = sorted(m for m in station_mags if m is not None)
    if len(vals) < min_stations:
        return None
    def med(xs):
        n = len(xs)
        mid = n // 2
        return xs[mid] if n % 2 else (xs[mid - 1] + xs[mid]) / 2
    m0 = med(vals)
    kept = [v for v in vals if abs(v - m0) <= 50]
    if len(vals) < min_stations + 1:
        return None
    m1 = med(kept)
    tenths = int(math.floor((m1 + 5) / 10))
    return [tenths / 10, len(kept)]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['event 0', [[274, 336, 318, 341, 328, None], 4], [3.3, 4]], ['event 1', [[381, 387, 376, 348, 397, 350, 333, 349, None], 3], [3.6, 8]], ['event 2', [[550, 532, 540, 504, 484, 528, 530, 570], 3], [5.3, 8]], ['event 3', [[-34, -47, 14, 21, -68], 3], [-0.4, 4]], ['event 4', [[101, 111, 104, 54, 138, None], 3], [1.0, 5]], ['event 5', [[168, 146, 176, 132, 162, 118, 174, 186], 4], [1.7, 8]], ['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None]], [['event 7', [[469, 498, 493, 486, 467, 522], 4], [4.9, 6]], ['event 8', [[152, 146, 148, 165, 191], 3], [1.5, 5]], ['event 9', [[-26, -9, -1, 4, 0, 64, None], 4], [0.0, 5]], ['event 10', [[498, 507, 494, 464], 3], [5.0, 4]], ['event 11', [[189, 235, 240, 199, 215], 4], [2.2, 5]], ['event 12', [[106, 62, 76, 99, 87, 82, 116, 114, 149], 4], [1.0, 9]], ['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None]], [['event 14', [[125, 133, 111, 191, 191, 148, 241], 3], [1.4, 6]], ['event 15', [[381, 371, 330, 376, 403, 335, 339, 348, None], 3], [3.6, 8]], ['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 17', [[432, 385, 408, 473], 4], None], ['event 18', [[9, 11, -21, 37, -4, 11], 3], [0.1, 6]], ['event 19', [[160, 170, 168, 12, None], 3], [1.7, 3]], ['event 20', [[446, 377, 422, 435, 407, 379, 419, 356], 3], [4.2, 7]], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None]], [['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 21', [[208, 239, 263, 248, 235, 223], 3], [2.4, 6]], ['event 22', [[347, 369, 375, 379, None], 3], [3.7, 4]], ['event 23', [[103, 63, 30, 93], 4], [0.8, 4]], ['event 24', [[142, 93, 150, 136, 125, 91, 82, 115, None], 4], [1.2, 8]], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None], ['event 26', [[55, 21, 75, 67, 25, 28], 3], [0.4, 6]], ['event 27', [[26, 11, -14, -12, -3, 32, -4, 100, None], 4], [0.0, 7]]], [['event 16', [[-23, -62, -35, -143], 4], None], ['event 25', [[545, 488, 482, 494, 603, None], 4], None], ['event 28', [[483, 485, 434, 486, 504, 514, None], 3], [4.9, 5]], ['event 29', [[462, 439, 425, 447, 432, 317], 3], [4.4, 5]], ['event 30', [[34, 54, -15, -27], 4], [0.1, 4]], ['event 31', [[269, 318, 251, 298, 329], 3], [3.0, 5]], ['event 32', [[231, 238, 217, 239, 214, 186, 164, 154, None], 3], [2.2, 6]], ['event 33', [[523, 505, 529, 488, 514], 3], [5.1, 5]]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)

Boundary fixture	Actual	Expected	Outcome
event 0	`[3.3, 4]`	`[3.3, 4]`	Passed
event 1	`[3.6, 8]`	`[3.6, 8]`	Passed
event 2	`[5.3, 8]`	`[5.3, 8]`	Passed
event 3	`[-0.4, 4]`	`[-0.4, 4]`	Passed
event 4	`[1.0, 5]`	`[1.0, 5]`	Passed
event 5	`[1.7, 8]`	`[1.7, 8]`	Passed
event 16	`None`	`None`	Passed
event 25	`[4.9, 3]`	`None`	Failed

SHA-256 / 655e10a9dbc088fd1267af0fe45963a77835ef0afcfef280a1d85a07262dffa6

HELD IN THE MEMBER ARCHIVE

The verified repair and its recorded checks are member-only.

This mechanism has 8 recorded checks per implementation. The open-access tier publishes the failure and the unsuccessful fix; the repaired source that passes every check, and the observations that prove it, are available to members.

Every case sharing this mechanism uses the same contract and the same repair, so this one record is held back for all of them.

Member access is invitation-based. Sign in with your invited account to inspect the repair.

Verification & scope

Stipulated deterministic teaching model of a seismological magnitude procedure; constants and tables are fixed by the contract and no claim of agency or standards conformance is made. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:48:29.144256+00:00.

Case digest / 80979b5a86105f777e0b92e555037447f9bbb1ef866c8b3c54e6979329b7cd67