FAILURE MAP
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FA-69556 / Orbital propagation / Open access

Velocity Verlet two-body propagation: Acceleration is never carried to the next step · case 01

Every step reuses the initial acceleration.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 7 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

The cached acceleration is not replaced by the new one after the kick.

VERIFIED REPAIR

Carry a = a_new at the end of each step.

Unsuccessful approach: Carrying the average of old and new accelerations smears the force history.

Case contract

Input [r0, v0, mu, T, steps]; planar two-body. Velocity Verlet with h=T/steps: p += h v + h^2 a/2; a_new = a(p); v += h (a + a_new)/2; carry a_new. Return final [x,y,vx,vy] rounded to 6 plus specific energy v^2/2-mu/|r| rounded to 6.

Why this case matters

Orbit determination and mission planning chain many small conversions; one wrong branch or unit silently moves a spacecraft by kilometres.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    r0,v0,mu,T,steps=x
    h=T/steps
    def acc(q):
        rr=(q[0]**2+q[1]**2)**1.5
        return [-mu*q[0]/rr,-mu*q[1]/rr]
    p=list(r0); v=list(v0)
    a=acc(p)
    for _ in range(steps):
        p=[p[i]+h*v[i]+0.5*h*h*a[i] for i in range(2)]
        an=acc(p)
        v=[v[i]+0.5*h*(a[i]+an[i]) for i in range(2)]
        pass
    en=(v[0]**2+v[1]**2)/2-mu/math.sqrt(p[0]**2+p[1]**2)
    return [round(c,6) for c in p+v]+[round(en,6)]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038])]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12][5562.327871, 4373.140107, -4.674873, 6.717203, -22.847032][5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20][3916.379565, 7130.242816, -6.373687, 6.869746, -5.089505][4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15][-7013.353847, 6593.652472, -5.108878, -4.574825, -17.893116][-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30][-2.320901, 1.94164, -1.844081, 0.38606, 1.444367][-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25][-6.851095, 4.162355, -2.764941, 0.700018, 3.942718][-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10][-0.379408, -0.964377, 1.048781, -0.529457, -0.274813][-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6][6105.440491, 3335.837464, -3.491292, 6.741818, -28.471673][6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]Failed

SHA-256 / 3aeb578a7fb0242ee5b94dfbf037777719348477e0d773d025c57aca8b9b6e64

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    r0,v0,mu,T,steps=x
    h=T/steps
    def acc(q):
        rr=(q[0]**2+q[1]**2)**1.5
        return [-mu*q[0]/rr,-mu*q[1]/rr]
    p=list(r0); v=list(v0)
    a=acc(p)
    for _ in range(steps):
        p=[p[i]+h*v[i]+0.5*h*h*a[i] for i in range(2)]
        an=acc(p)
        v=[v[i]+0.5*h*(a[i]+an[i]) for i in range(2)]
        a=[0.5*(a[i]+an[i]) for i in range(2)]
    en=(v[0]**2+v[1]**2)/2-mu/math.sqrt(p[0]**2+p[1]**2)
    return [round(c,6) for c in p+v]+[round(en,6)]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038])]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12][5580.643067, 4249.821148, -4.569207, 6.123255, -27.638481][5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20][4074.783916, 6674.454614, -5.759681, 5.455937, -19.501417][4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15][-6661.554478, 6730.988775, -4.275184, -4.233516, -23.990553][-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30][-1.174861, 0.407135, -0.451302, -0.803047, -0.379965][-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25][-2.537541, 1.622992, -0.585925, -0.182472, -0.143683][-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10][-0.220464, -0.802445, 1.29503, -0.149617, -0.351921][-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]Failed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6][6109.41653, 3322.954914, -3.453814, 6.625266, -29.40284][6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]Failed

SHA-256 / 22c0d64aa2b4a7262ee84dc3d1279d6668abbb187425580a8e46c30e9a0dc9e0

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
import math
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(x):
    r0,v0,mu,T,steps=x
    h=T/steps
    def acc(q):
        rr=(q[0]**2+q[1]**2)**1.5
        return [-mu*q[0]/rr,-mu*q[1]/rr]
    p=list(r0); v=list(v0)
    a=acc(p)
    for _ in range(steps):
        p=[p[i]+h*v[i]+0.5*h*h*a[i] for i in range(2)]
        an=acc(p)
        v=[v[i]+0.5*h*(a[i]+an[i]) for i in range(2)]
        a=an
    en=(v[0]**2+v[1]**2)/2-mu/math.sqrt(p[0]**2+p[1]**2)
    return [round(c,6) for c in p+v]+[round(en,6)]
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30], [-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049])], [('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25]', [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25], [-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10]', [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10], [-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6]', [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6], [6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8]', [[2.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.5], 1.0, 4.0, 8], [-0.104683, 0.976244, -0.959856, -0.601306, -0.377049]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12], [5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20]', [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20], [4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]), ('velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15]', [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15], [-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038])]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 7.546], 398600.4418, 600.0, 12][5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856][5585.861325, 4220.456543, -4.545757, 6.021781, -28.471856]Passed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[7000.0, 0.0], [0.0, 8.5], 398600.4418, 900.0, 20][4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351][4100.742247, 6612.678063, -5.690094, 5.333971, -20.813351]Passed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[0.0, 9000.0], [-6.2, 0.8], 398600.4418, 1200.0, 15][-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038][-6596.602558, 6758.244077, -4.170275, -4.186438, -24.748038]Passed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], 1.0, 3.0, 30][-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988][-0.993552, 0.151005, -0.14987, -0.983712, -0.499988]Passed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.2], 1.0, 5.0, 25][-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826][-2.100327, 1.143517, -0.394254, -0.35669, -0.276826]Passed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[-1.5, 0.5], [0.1, -0.7], 1.0, 2.0, 10][-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962][-0.160223, -0.731051, 1.375248, 0.033556, -0.389962]Passed
velocity verlet two-body propagation [[6800.0, 1200.0], [-1.1, 7.4], 398600.4418, 300.0, 6][6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489][6111.297912, 3317.130164, -3.439136, 6.583207, -29.740489]Passed

SHA-256 / 1f28a6014b215676f2f2a79a2e1707b4fc1e7dcaa1cf29a1bf9e877a2fdbeb0c

Verification & scope

A deterministic toy two-body model with stipulated constants and conventions; not flight dynamics software or a validated SGP4 implementation. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:48:12.550559+00:00.

Case digest / 1a921181ae2865d9aefc32917843bd85941715bbb18cfb9b933349cf0c716cf4