FAILURE MAP
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FA-61631 / Options payoff and settlement / Open access

Uncovered short option margin requirement: premium is only part of the percentage branch · case 01

Options at the minimum requirement exclude their own premium.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 8 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

The premium is placed inside the first argument of max().

VERIFIED REPAIR

Add the premium outside the max().

Unsuccessful approach: Dropping the premium entirely understates every requirement.

Case contract

Inputs kind, underlying price, strike, premium, contracts and multiplier. Out-of-the-money amount is max(K-S,0) for calls and max(S-K,0) for puts. Per-unit requirement = premium + max(20% of underlying - OTM amount, 10% of floor base) where the floor base is the underlying for calls and the strike for puts. Return requirement*multiplier*contracts rounded to cents.

Why this case matters

Option expiry, exercise and settlement engines move cash and shares; a wrong branch misstates obligations.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(kind, underlying, strike, premium, contracts, multiplier):
    S = Fraction(str(underlying))
    K = Fraction(str(strike))
    P = Fraction(str(premium))
    otm = max(K - S, 0) if kind == 'C' else max(S - K, 0)
    floor_base = S if kind == 'C' else K
    req = max(P + S * Fraction(20, 100) - otm, floor_base * Fraction(10, 100))
    return float(round(req * multiplier * contracts, 2))
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1290.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['C', 80.0, 90, 0.5, 2, 10], 170.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 104.25, 110, 3.4, 1, 100], 2425.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 100.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 10], 184.0], ['normal control 1', ['P', 80.0, 90, 8.0, 1, 10], 240.0], ['normal control 2', ['P', 80.0, 105, 15.1, 2, 10], 622.0], ['normal control 3', ['P', 100.0, 100, 15.1, 1, 100], 3510.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 100.0, 110, 1.25, 1, 100], 1125.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 1.25, 1, 100], 1075.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['C', 92.5, 110, 0.5, 10, 100], 9750.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 80.0, 95, 1.25, 1, 100], 1725.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 92.5, 105, 8.0, 1, 10], 265.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 100.0, 95, 0.5, 10, 10], 2050.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 100.0, 110, 1.25, 2, 100], 2250.0], ['normal control 3', ['C', 100.0, 110, 15.1, 1, 10], 251.0], ['normal control 4', ['P', 120.0, 95, 0.5, 2, 100], 2000.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1290.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 120.0, 95, 1.25, 10, 10], 1075.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['C', 92.5, 90, 3.4, 10, 100], 21900.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 80.0, 95, 8.0, 10, 10], 2400.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 92.5, 95, 8.0, 2, 10], 480.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 104.25, 105, 1.25, 1, 10], 213.5], ['normal control 3', ['P', 92.5, 95, 1.25, 10, 100], 19750.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 80.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1140.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['C', 80.0, 90, 15.1, 2, 10], 462.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 120.0, 105, 1.25, 10, 10], 1175.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 100.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 10], 184.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 100.0, 100, 1.25, 2, 10], 425.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 80.0, 100, 1.25, 1, 10], 92.5], ['normal control 2', ['P', 120.0, 95, 0.5, 2, 10], 200.0], ['normal control 3', ['P', 80.0, 100, 15.1, 2, 10], 622.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 80.0, 105, 0.5, 2, 100], 1700.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['C', 80.0, 100, 15.1, 2, 100], 4620.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 104.25, 90, 8.0, 1, 100], 1700.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 80.0, 95, 3.4, 10, 100], 19400.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 80.0, 105, 0.5, 1, 10], 165.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 120.0, 105, 3.4, 2, 100], 5480.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 80.0, 95, 8.0, 10, 10], 1600.0], ['normal control 3', ['C', 100.0, 90, 0.5, 10, 100], 20500.0], ['normal control 4', ['P', 120.0, 100, 15.1, 10, 10], 2510.0]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression premium inclusion 1950.01290.0Failed
regression premium inclusion 2160.0170.0Failed
partial repair probe 12425.02425.0Passed
partial repair probe 2184.0184.0Passed
normal control 1240.0240.0Passed
normal control 2622.0622.0Passed
normal control 33510.03510.0Passed
normal control 41125.01125.0Passed

SHA-256 / 8b082d5a6c55508c3b8364a5a403ef347498831c8dfc0c2b01fcf7202339fbe4

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(kind, underlying, strike, premium, contracts, multiplier):
    S = Fraction(str(underlying))
    K = Fraction(str(strike))
    P = Fraction(str(premium))
    otm = max(K - S, 0) if kind == 'C' else max(S - K, 0)
    floor_base = S if kind == 'C' else K
    req = max(S * Fraction(20, 100) - otm, floor_base * Fraction(10, 100))
    return float(round(req * multiplier * contracts, 2))
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1290.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['C', 80.0, 90, 0.5, 2, 10], 170.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 104.25, 110, 3.4, 1, 100], 2425.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 100.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 10], 184.0], ['normal control 1', ['P', 80.0, 90, 8.0, 1, 10], 240.0], ['normal control 2', ['P', 80.0, 105, 15.1, 2, 10], 622.0], ['normal control 3', ['P', 100.0, 100, 15.1, 1, 100], 3510.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 100.0, 110, 1.25, 1, 100], 1125.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 1.25, 1, 100], 1075.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['C', 92.5, 110, 0.5, 10, 100], 9750.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 80.0, 95, 1.25, 1, 100], 1725.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 92.5, 105, 8.0, 1, 10], 265.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 100.0, 95, 0.5, 10, 10], 2050.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 100.0, 110, 1.25, 2, 100], 2250.0], ['normal control 3', ['C', 100.0, 110, 15.1, 1, 10], 251.0], ['normal control 4', ['P', 120.0, 95, 0.5, 2, 100], 2000.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1290.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 120.0, 95, 1.25, 10, 10], 1075.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['C', 92.5, 90, 3.4, 10, 100], 21900.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 80.0, 95, 8.0, 10, 10], 2400.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 92.5, 95, 8.0, 2, 10], 480.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 104.25, 105, 1.25, 1, 10], 213.5], ['normal control 3', ['P', 92.5, 95, 1.25, 10, 100], 19750.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 80.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1140.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['C', 80.0, 90, 15.1, 2, 10], 462.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 120.0, 105, 1.25, 10, 10], 1175.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 100.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 10], 184.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 100.0, 100, 1.25, 2, 10], 425.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 80.0, 100, 1.25, 1, 10], 92.5], ['normal control 2', ['P', 120.0, 95, 0.5, 2, 10], 200.0], ['normal control 3', ['P', 80.0, 100, 15.1, 2, 10], 622.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 80.0, 105, 0.5, 2, 100], 1700.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['C', 80.0, 100, 15.1, 2, 100], 4620.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 104.25, 90, 8.0, 1, 100], 1700.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 80.0, 95, 3.4, 10, 100], 19400.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 80.0, 105, 0.5, 1, 10], 165.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 120.0, 105, 3.4, 2, 100], 5480.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 80.0, 95, 8.0, 10, 10], 1600.0], ['normal control 3', ['C', 100.0, 90, 0.5, 10, 100], 20500.0], ['normal control 4', ['P', 120.0, 100, 15.1, 10, 10], 2510.0]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression premium inclusion 1950.01290.0Failed
regression premium inclusion 2160.0170.0Failed
partial repair probe 12085.02425.0Failed
partial repair probe 2150.0184.0Failed
normal control 1160.0240.0Failed
normal control 2320.0622.0Failed
normal control 32000.03510.0Failed
normal control 41000.01125.0Failed

SHA-256 / 3ca2599ecd1bc307cdc0b5b9ace200c23ac896208d6275a8e20220d5a6a16d48

3 / The verified repair

Exit 0
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
from fractions import Fraction
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(kind, underlying, strike, premium, contracts, multiplier):
    S = Fraction(str(underlying))
    K = Fraction(str(strike))
    P = Fraction(str(premium))
    otm = max(K - S, 0) if kind == 'C' else max(S - K, 0)
    floor_base = S if kind == 'C' else K
    req = P + max(S * Fraction(20, 100) - otm, floor_base * Fraction(10, 100))
    return float(round(req * multiplier * contracts, 2))
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
fixtures = [[['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1290.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['C', 80.0, 90, 0.5, 2, 10], 170.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 104.25, 110, 3.4, 1, 100], 2425.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 100.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 10], 184.0], ['normal control 1', ['P', 80.0, 90, 8.0, 1, 10], 240.0], ['normal control 2', ['P', 80.0, 105, 15.1, 2, 10], 622.0], ['normal control 3', ['P', 100.0, 100, 15.1, 1, 100], 3510.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 100.0, 110, 1.25, 1, 100], 1125.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 1.25, 1, 100], 1075.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['C', 92.5, 110, 0.5, 10, 100], 9750.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 80.0, 95, 1.25, 1, 100], 1725.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 92.5, 105, 8.0, 1, 10], 265.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 100.0, 95, 0.5, 10, 10], 2050.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 100.0, 110, 1.25, 2, 100], 2250.0], ['normal control 3', ['C', 100.0, 110, 15.1, 1, 10], 251.0], ['normal control 4', ['P', 120.0, 95, 0.5, 2, 100], 2000.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['P', 120.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1290.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 120.0, 95, 1.25, 10, 10], 1075.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['C', 92.5, 90, 3.4, 10, 100], 21900.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 80.0, 95, 8.0, 10, 10], 2400.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 92.5, 95, 8.0, 2, 10], 480.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 104.25, 105, 1.25, 1, 10], 213.5], ['normal control 3', ['P', 92.5, 95, 1.25, 10, 100], 19750.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 80.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 100], 1140.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['C', 80.0, 90, 15.1, 2, 10], 462.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 120.0, 105, 1.25, 10, 10], 1175.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 100.0, 95, 3.4, 1, 10], 184.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 100.0, 100, 1.25, 2, 10], 425.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 80.0, 100, 1.25, 1, 10], 92.5], ['normal control 2', ['P', 120.0, 95, 0.5, 2, 10], 200.0], ['normal control 3', ['P', 80.0, 100, 15.1, 2, 10], 622.0], ['normal control 4', ['C', 80.0, 105, 0.5, 2, 100], 1700.0]], [['regression premium inclusion 1', ['C', 80.0, 100, 15.1, 2, 100], 4620.0], ['regression premium inclusion 2', ['P', 104.25, 90, 8.0, 1, 100], 1700.0], ['partial repair probe 1', ['P', 80.0, 95, 3.4, 10, 100], 19400.0], ['partial repair probe 2', ['P', 80.0, 105, 0.5, 1, 10], 165.0], ['normal control 1', ['C', 120.0, 105, 3.4, 2, 100], 5480.0], ['normal control 2', ['C', 80.0, 95, 8.0, 10, 10], 1600.0], ['normal control 3', ['C', 100.0, 90, 0.5, 10, 100], 20500.0], ['normal control 4', ['P', 120.0, 100, 15.1, 10, 10], 2510.0]]]
for label, args, expected in fixtures[N-1]:
    check(label, solve(*args), expected)
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
regression premium inclusion 11290.01290.0Passed
regression premium inclusion 2170.0170.0Passed
partial repair probe 12425.02425.0Passed
partial repair probe 2184.0184.0Passed
normal control 1240.0240.0Passed
normal control 2622.0622.0Passed
normal control 33510.03510.0Passed
normal control 41125.01125.0Passed

SHA-256 / b18272baced6de3a7bb6376d50af91a679800999f02fc423cb96ed11413b20a5

Verification & scope

A deterministic toy contract stated explicitly in the contract field; no claim of conformance to any exchange or clearing rulebook. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:46:57.056578+00:00.

Case digest / ec65fec9a174c3a842e7253dd51e70a49ee0e44d79577322843c1fd21b2f1520