FA-49166 / PCM sample encoding / Open access
Pcm frame sequence: sequence modulus · case 01
PCM packet wraparound is interpreted as an old packet.
ROOT CAUSE
PCM packet wraparound is interpreted as an old packet.
VERIFIED REPAIR
Use the stated conversion contract at sequence modulus.
Unsuccessful approach: Reversing sequence distance mistakes late packets for gaps.
Case contract
Bounded PCM packet sequence adapter with one null marker per lost packet (not per lost sample); reject old or half-cycle-ambiguous packets and retain modular cursor.
Why this case matters
Offline PCM interchange uses these exact bounded packet and sample representation decisions.
1 / The failure
Exit 1"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(packets, start, modulus):
expected=start
out=[]
for sequence,samples in packets:
delta=sequence-expected
if delta==0:
out.extend(samples)
expected=(expected+1)%modulus
elif delta<modulus//2:
out.extend([None]*delta)
out.extend(samples)
expected=(sequence+1)%modulus
return [out,expected]
def check(label, actual, expected):
observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
check('oracle 1', solve(*([[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8)), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
check('oracle 2', solve(*([[0, [1]], [2, [3]], [3, [4]]], 0, 8)), [[1, None, 3, 4], 4])
check('oracle 3', solve(*([[4, [9]], [0, [2]]], 0, 8)), [[2], 1])
check('oracle 4', solve(*([[7, [9]], [0, [1]]], 0, 8)), [[1], 1])
check('oracle 5', solve(*([], 3, 8)), [[], 3])
check('oracle 6', solve(*([[6, [1]], [1, [2]]], 6, 8)), [[1, None, None, 2], 2])
check('oracle 7', solve(*([[0, [1, 2]], [0, [3]], [1, [4]]], 0, 8)), [[1, 2, 4], 2])
if N == 1: check('variant packet 1', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 2: check('variant packet 2', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 3: check('variant packet 3', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 4: check('variant packet 4', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 5: check('variant packet 5', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| oracle 1 | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | Passed |
| oracle 2 | [[1, None, 3, 4], 4] | [[1, None, 3, 4], 4] | Passed |
| oracle 3 | [[2], 1] | [[2], 1] | Passed |
| oracle 4 | [[1], 1] | [[1], 1] | Passed |
| oracle 5 | [[], 3] | [[], 3] | Passed |
| oracle 6 | [[1, 2], 2] | [[1, None, None, 2], 2] | Failed |
| oracle 7 | [[1, 2, 3, 4], 2] | [[1, 2, 4], 2] | Failed |
| variant packet 1 | [[4, 5, 6, 5, 6], 2] | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | Failed |
SHA-256 / 6a1db45431aa802f0e55d6ee1ca3d898c9b216a505376039fb8fb026f7c114d0
2 / The unsuccessful fix
Exit 1"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(packets, start, modulus):
expected=start
out=[]
for sequence,samples in packets:
delta=(expected-sequence)%modulus
if delta==0:
out.extend(samples)
expected=(expected+1)%modulus
elif delta<modulus//2:
out.extend([None]*delta)
out.extend(samples)
expected=(sequence+1)%modulus
return [out,expected]
def check(label, actual, expected):
observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
check('oracle 1', solve(*([[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8)), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
check('oracle 2', solve(*([[0, [1]], [2, [3]], [3, [4]]], 0, 8)), [[1, None, 3, 4], 4])
check('oracle 3', solve(*([[4, [9]], [0, [2]]], 0, 8)), [[2], 1])
check('oracle 4', solve(*([[7, [9]], [0, [1]]], 0, 8)), [[1], 1])
check('oracle 5', solve(*([], 3, 8)), [[], 3])
check('oracle 6', solve(*([[6, [1]], [1, [2]]], 6, 8)), [[1, None, None, 2], 2])
check('oracle 7', solve(*([[0, [1, 2]], [0, [3]], [1, [4]]], 0, 8)), [[1, 2, 4], 2])
if N == 1: check('variant packet 1', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 2: check('variant packet 2', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 3: check('variant packet 3', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 4: check('variant packet 4', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 5: check('variant packet 5', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| oracle 1 | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | Passed |
| oracle 2 | [[1], 1] | [[1, None, 3, 4], 4] | Failed |
| oracle 3 | [[2], 1] | [[2], 1] | Passed |
| oracle 4 | [[None, 9, 1], 1] | [[1], 1] | Failed |
| oracle 5 | [[], 3] | [[], 3] | Passed |
| oracle 6 | [[1], 7] | [[1, None, None, 2], 2] | Failed |
| oracle 7 | [[1, 2, None, 3, 4], 2] | [[1, 2, 4], 2] | Failed |
| variant packet 1 | [[4, 5, 6, None, None, None, 4, 5, 6], 2] | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | Failed |
SHA-256 / efe1573595c2571e2bb99e2263b23f50606ab02d73a076d21a952d6ed989c9ac
3 / The verified repair
Exit 0"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json
N = 1
observations = []
def solve(packets, start, modulus):
expected=start
out=[]
for sequence,samples in packets:
delta=(sequence-expected)%modulus
if delta==0:
out.extend(samples)
expected=(expected+1)%modulus
elif delta<modulus//2:
out.extend([None]*delta)
out.extend(samples)
expected=(sequence+1)%modulus
return [out,expected]
def check(label, actual, expected):
observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
check('oracle 1', solve(*([[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8)), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
check('oracle 2', solve(*([[0, [1]], [2, [3]], [3, [4]]], 0, 8)), [[1, None, 3, 4], 4])
check('oracle 3', solve(*([[4, [9]], [0, [2]]], 0, 8)), [[2], 1])
check('oracle 4', solve(*([[7, [9]], [0, [1]]], 0, 8)), [[1], 1])
check('oracle 5', solve(*([], 3, 8)), [[], 3])
check('oracle 6', solve(*([[6, [1]], [1, [2]]], 6, 8)), [[1, None, None, 2], 2])
check('oracle 7', solve(*([[0, [1, 2]], [0, [3]], [1, [4]]], 0, 8)), [[1, 2, 4], 2])
if N == 1: check('variant packet 1', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 2: check('variant packet 2', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 3: check('variant packet 3', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 4: check('variant packet 4', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
if N == 5: check('variant packet 5', solve(*[[[7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]], [7, [4]], [0, [5]], [1, [6]]], 7, 8]), [[4, 5, 6], 2])
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
| Boundary fixture | Actual | Expected | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| oracle 1 | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | Passed |
| oracle 2 | [[1, None, 3, 4], 4] | [[1, None, 3, 4], 4] | Passed |
| oracle 3 | [[2], 1] | [[2], 1] | Passed |
| oracle 4 | [[1], 1] | [[1], 1] | Passed |
| oracle 5 | [[], 3] | [[], 3] | Passed |
| oracle 6 | [[1, None, None, 2], 2] | [[1, None, None, 2], 2] | Passed |
| oracle 7 | [[1, 2, 4], 2] | [[1, 2, 4], 2] | Passed |
| variant packet 1 | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | [[4, 5, 6], 2] | Passed |
SHA-256 / 77f56d5c81666a70a87e514b0dbd130c5bbb4cd6d07d3d0c13f6f21f55c36222
Verification & scope
Stipulated finite model; no claim of hardware timing or full file-format conformance. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.
Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:44:57.367302+00:00.
Case digest / 4143e9469bbf4cccd9422ac7f1bbcacc8eb10151192ba277b08b55ca1cbce7ef