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FA-49016 / PCM sample encoding / Open access

Excess code recenter: wire range clamp · case 01

Invalid wire values wrap into in-range amplitudes.

Verified by executionVariant 1 · 8 checks per implementationDownload source bundle ↓JSON ↗

ROOT CAUSE

Invalid wire values wrap into in-range amplitudes.

THE FAILURE

Invalid wire values wrap into in-range amplitudes.

Unsuccessful approach: Clamping at the midpoint discards the entire upper signal range.

Case contract

Recenter bounded unsigned PCM around an explicitly calibrated zero code and report asymmetric representable headroom; clamp invalid code inputs before recentering.

Why this case matters

Offline PCM interchange uses these exact bounded packet and sample representation decisions.

1 / The failure

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json

N = 1
observations = []
def solve(codes, width, zero_code):
    limit=(1<<width)-1
    out=[]
    for code in codes:
        bounded=code&limit
        delta=bounded-zero_code
        low=-zero_code
        high=limit-zero_code
        out.append([delta,low,high])
    return out
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
check('oracle 1', solve(*([0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3)), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
check('oracle 2', solve(*([-1, 0, 10], 3, 2)), [[-2, -2, 5], [-2, -2, 5], [5, -2, 5]])
check('oracle 3', solve(*([1, 2, 3], 2, 1)), [[0, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2], [2, -1, 2]])
check('oracle 4', solve(*([], 4, 5)), [])
check('oracle 5', solve(*([0, 15, 16], 4, 6)), [[-6, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9]])
check('oracle 6', solve(*([0, 1], 1, 0)), [[0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1]])
check('oracle 7', solve(*([2, 4, 7], 3, 5)), [[-3, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2], [2, -5, 2]])
if N == 1: check('variant packet 1', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 2: check('variant packet 2', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 3: check('variant packet 3', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 4: check('variant packet 4', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 5: check('variant packet 5', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
oracle 1[[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4]][[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]]Failed
oracle 2[[5, -2, 5], [-2, -2, 5], [0, -2, 5]][[-2, -2, 5], [-2, -2, 5], [5, -2, 5]]Failed
oracle 3[[0, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2], [2, -1, 2]][[0, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2], [2, -1, 2]]Passed
oracle 4[][]Passed
oracle 5[[-6, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9], [-6, -6, 9]][[-6, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9]]Failed
oracle 6[[0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1]][[0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1]]Passed
oracle 7[[-3, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2], [2, -5, 2]][[-3, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2], [2, -5, 2]]Passed
variant packet 1[[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4]][[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]]Failed

SHA-256 / ec334c95bc2cd3c7bb6bbbddb36fd8b31289d108d1d277dc491ab7ef3988835a

2 / The unsuccessful fix

Exit 1
"""Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only."""
import json

N = 1
observations = []
def solve(codes, width, zero_code):
    limit=(1<<width)-1
    out=[]
    for code in codes:
        bounded=max(0,min(1<<(width-1),code))
        delta=bounded-zero_code
        low=-zero_code
        high=limit-zero_code
        out.append([delta,low,high])
    return out
def check(label, actual, expected):
    observations.append({"check": label, "actual": actual, "expected": expected, "passed": actual == expected})
check('oracle 1', solve(*([0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3)), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
check('oracle 2', solve(*([-1, 0, 10], 3, 2)), [[-2, -2, 5], [-2, -2, 5], [5, -2, 5]])
check('oracle 3', solve(*([1, 2, 3], 2, 1)), [[0, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2], [2, -1, 2]])
check('oracle 4', solve(*([], 4, 5)), [])
check('oracle 5', solve(*([0, 15, 16], 4, 6)), [[-6, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9]])
check('oracle 6', solve(*([0, 1], 1, 0)), [[0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1]])
check('oracle 7', solve(*([2, 4, 7], 3, 5)), [[-3, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2], [2, -5, 2]])
if N == 1: check('variant packet 1', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 2: check('variant packet 2', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 3: check('variant packet 3', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 4: check('variant packet 4', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
if N == 5: check('variant packet 5', solve(*[[0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8, 0, 3, 7, 8], 3, 3]), [[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]])
print(json.dumps({"observations": observations, "passed": all(x["passed"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))
raise SystemExit(0 if all(x["passed"] for x in observations) else 1)
Boundary fixtureActualExpectedOutcome
oracle 1[[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [1, -3, 4], [1, -3, 4]][[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]]Failed
oracle 2[[-2, -2, 5], [-2, -2, 5], [2, -2, 5]][[-2, -2, 5], [-2, -2, 5], [5, -2, 5]]Failed
oracle 3[[0, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2]][[0, -1, 2], [1, -1, 2], [2, -1, 2]]Failed
oracle 4[][]Passed
oracle 5[[-6, -6, 9], [2, -6, 9], [2, -6, 9]][[-6, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9], [9, -6, 9]]Failed
oracle 6[[0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1]][[0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1]]Passed
oracle 7[[-3, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2]][[-3, -5, 2], [-1, -5, 2], [2, -5, 2]]Failed
variant packet 1[[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [1, -3, 4], [1, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [1, -3, 4], [1, -3, 4]][[-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [-3, -3, 4], [0, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4], [4, -3, 4]]Failed

SHA-256 / 40f842c7c13a63bf7b915dbefb00cb905000536483443afb80ad110a0a9321f2

HELD IN THE MEMBER ARCHIVE

The verified repair and its recorded checks are member-only.

This mechanism has 8 recorded checks per implementation. The open-access tier publishes the failure and the unsuccessful fix; the repaired source that passes every check, and the observations that prove it, are available to members.

Every case sharing this mechanism uses the same contract and the same repair, so this one record is held back for all of them.

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Verification & scope

Stipulated finite model; no claim of hardware timing or full file-format conformance. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.

Observations recorded using Python 3.12.14 at 2026-09-29T14:44:56.249862+00:00.

Case digest / 2d492fafbad01dbb0d2140f4dfdc86328e1b722f9e5fde176fe00b02e95ff84f