{"abstract":"A later small rank erases the maximum, making estimates depend on arrival order.","category":"Probabilistic sketches","checks":7,"contract":"Input {p, hashes}. Each hash is reduced to its low 32 bits. The register index is the top p bits; the remaining 32-p bits, left-aligned in a 32-bit word, give rho = leading zeros + 1, and an all-zero remainder gives rho = 32 - p + 1. Each register keeps the maximum rho seen. Return the list of 2^p registers.","evaluation_group":"w2-probabilistic_sketches-hll-register-update","failed_approach":"Keeping the first observed rank is also order-dependent and ignores later larger ranks.","family":"w2-probabilistic_sketches-hll-register-update-register-max","id":"FA-72971","implementations":{"attempt":{"sha256":"ab52a8d1fb20cf17b6d44e969f2b7c6fa026ef97108dac7aa332d4eea44958ef","source":"\"\"\"Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only.\"\"\"\nimport json\n\nN = 1\nobservations = []\ndef solve(x):\n    p = x['p']\n    regs = [0] * (1 << p)\n    for h in x['hashes']:\n        h = h & 0xFFFFFFFF\n        idx = h >> (32 - p)\n        w = (h << p) & 0xFFFFFFFF\n        if w == 0:\n            rho = 32 - p + 1\n        else:\n            rho = 32 - w.bit_length() + 1\n        regs[idx] = rho if regs[idx] == 0 else regs[idx]\n    return regs\ndef check(label, actual, expected):\n    observations.append({\"check\": label, \"actual\": actual, \"expected\": expected, \"passed\": actual == expected})\ncases = [[['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [2746290842,\n               1214636060,\n               2700365353,\n               1518964074,\n               1034755027,\n               2745697653,\n               3465139052,\n               1408437207,\n               1445057485,\n               2277921226,\n               1562942113,\n               737304231],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [268435456, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 1099645845504, 18446744069414584337], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093697], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3083874711,\n               1466456804,\n               1510865127,\n               1936358424,\n               4067255089,\n               3117812620,\n               1972411353,\n               44849429,\n               1601931937,\n               1985418595,\n               85937200,\n               4254039572,\n               3251348065,\n               1589126043,\n               917877929,\n               579573044,\n               1961218034,\n               3335656935,\n               2901203533,\n               7772599],\n    'p': 6},\n   [4,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    3,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    1,\n    2,\n    0,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4027056128, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [2171125632,\n               1561077222,\n               723602496,\n               2706691026,\n               1511209620,\n               3136040843,\n               3466769981,\n               3155411258,\n               2996841228,\n               4154669796,\n               729019621,\n               4118415819],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 2]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [536870912, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 29, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 2199157473280, 18446744069414584338], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093698], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3806962188,\n               1832858908,\n               3698728279,\n               3051225488,\n               175843725,\n               3689096410,\n               2768173870,\n               3616306195,\n               1627860444,\n               2174172542,\n               333719717,\n               1061042192,\n               1370242323,\n               846295865,\n               2770467623,\n               3293138441,\n               465062010,\n               2842674505,\n               1381634835,\n               3297928288],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    4,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026793984, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [734289917,\n               651773559,\n               1520220667,\n               3103360296,\n               825191422,\n               1621339354,\n               1335447505,\n               589878360,\n               3841155756,\n               2779542839,\n               80865712,\n               176500380],\n    'p': 4},\n   [2, 0, 3, 4, 1, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [805306368, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 3298669101056, 18446744069414584339], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093699], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3384855708,\n               1812156463,\n               3005153793,\n               531394969,\n               124498482,\n               3623700348,\n               147951344,\n               3199733155,\n               2393688965,\n               3187545175,\n               3855956590,\n               1988994126,\n               1804606932,\n               4141219565,\n               3126769002,\n               167275462,\n               3576137210,\n               376874430,\n               4251399446,\n               3255939649],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    1,\n    3,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    9,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026662912, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 11]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [1988219189,\n               3536151577,\n               2451850351,\n               1576120406,\n               3460144982,\n               53140742,\n               3232271618,\n               3606811026,\n               822563767,\n               216937224,\n               653771170,\n               789419942],\n    'p': 4},\n   [3, 0, 2, 4, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 0, 5, 3, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [1073741824, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 28, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 4398180728832, 18446744069414584340], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093700], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3203024958,\n               1607094823,\n               2953651490,\n               2154876315,\n               2643026601,\n               3395013983,\n               4210268938,\n               2481149946,\n               2344839774,\n               3486311577,\n               1288892453,\n               454290413,\n               1419530055,\n               2952556834,\n               140911276,\n               3589740878,\n               3461903868,\n               1033057716,\n               1747761605,\n               1323890633],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    7,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026597376, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [642556483,\n               1103189711,\n               3626284107,\n               1285976915,\n               1204744135,\n               1451808050,\n               3013572557,\n               2019910678,\n               1262233268,\n               2292419534,\n               3414554249,\n               2291441069],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 2, 0, 4, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 3, 1, 1, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [1342177280, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 28, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 5497692356608, 18446744069414584341], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093701], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [2768372447,\n               1504635470,\n               259812463,\n               1747374277,\n               4119487797,\n               3519348978,\n               3620444824,\n               2624272929,\n               1736966017,\n               2549283484,\n               2300450263,\n               2789031204,\n               3100346196,\n               426070303,\n               3205786177,\n               3828806182,\n               3614515608,\n               1431907283,\n               4157712463,\n               2369628851],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    2,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026564608, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 13]]]]\nfor label, args, expected in cases[N - 1]:\n    check(label, solve(args), expected)\nprint(json.dumps({\"observations\": observations, \"passed\": all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))\nraise SystemExit(0 if all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations) else 1)\n"},"broken":{"sha256":"73986d555e4a0036278d4e1e52c26d54ff877a6d583a64231a54e8f99cea9b3d","source":"\"\"\"Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only.\"\"\"\nimport json\n\nN = 1\nobservations = []\ndef solve(x):\n    p = x['p']\n    regs = [0] * (1 << p)\n    for h in x['hashes']:\n        h = h & 0xFFFFFFFF\n        idx = h >> (32 - p)\n        w = (h << p) & 0xFFFFFFFF\n        if w == 0:\n            rho = 32 - p + 1\n        else:\n            rho = 32 - w.bit_length() + 1\n        regs[idx] = rho\n    return regs\ndef check(label, actual, expected):\n    observations.append({\"check\": label, \"actual\": actual, \"expected\": expected, \"passed\": actual == expected})\ncases = [[['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [2746290842,\n               1214636060,\n               2700365353,\n               1518964074,\n               1034755027,\n               2745697653,\n               3465139052,\n               1408437207,\n               1445057485,\n               2277921226,\n               1562942113,\n               737304231],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [268435456, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 1099645845504, 18446744069414584337], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093697], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3083874711,\n               1466456804,\n               1510865127,\n               1936358424,\n               4067255089,\n               3117812620,\n               1972411353,\n               44849429,\n               1601931937,\n               1985418595,\n               85937200,\n               4254039572,\n               3251348065,\n               1589126043,\n               917877929,\n               579573044,\n               1961218034,\n               3335656935,\n               2901203533,\n               7772599],\n    'p': 6},\n   [4,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    3,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    1,\n    2,\n    0,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4027056128, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [2171125632,\n               1561077222,\n               723602496,\n               2706691026,\n               1511209620,\n               3136040843,\n               3466769981,\n               3155411258,\n               2996841228,\n               4154669796,\n               729019621,\n               4118415819],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 2]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [536870912, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 29, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 2199157473280, 18446744069414584338], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093698], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3806962188,\n               1832858908,\n               3698728279,\n               3051225488,\n               175843725,\n               3689096410,\n               2768173870,\n               3616306195,\n               1627860444,\n               2174172542,\n               333719717,\n               1061042192,\n               1370242323,\n               846295865,\n               2770467623,\n               3293138441,\n               465062010,\n               2842674505,\n               1381634835,\n               3297928288],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    4,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026793984, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [734289917,\n               651773559,\n               1520220667,\n               3103360296,\n               825191422,\n               1621339354,\n               1335447505,\n               589878360,\n               3841155756,\n               2779542839,\n               80865712,\n               176500380],\n    'p': 4},\n   [2, 0, 3, 4, 1, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [805306368, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 3298669101056, 18446744069414584339], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093699], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3384855708,\n               1812156463,\n               3005153793,\n               531394969,\n               124498482,\n               3623700348,\n               147951344,\n               3199733155,\n               2393688965,\n               3187545175,\n               3855956590,\n               1988994126,\n               1804606932,\n               4141219565,\n               3126769002,\n               167275462,\n               3576137210,\n               376874430,\n               4251399446,\n               3255939649],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    1,\n    3,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    9,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026662912, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 11]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [1988219189,\n               3536151577,\n               2451850351,\n               1576120406,\n               3460144982,\n               53140742,\n               3232271618,\n               3606811026,\n               822563767,\n               216937224,\n               653771170,\n               789419942],\n    'p': 4},\n   [3, 0, 2, 4, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 0, 5, 3, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [1073741824, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 28, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 4398180728832, 18446744069414584340], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093700], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3203024958,\n               1607094823,\n               2953651490,\n               2154876315,\n               2643026601,\n               3395013983,\n               4210268938,\n               2481149946,\n               2344839774,\n               3486311577,\n               1288892453,\n               454290413,\n               1419530055,\n               2952556834,\n               140911276,\n               3589740878,\n               3461903868,\n               1033057716,\n               1747761605,\n               1323890633],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    7,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026597376, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [642556483,\n               1103189711,\n               3626284107,\n               1285976915,\n               1204744135,\n               1451808050,\n               3013572557,\n               2019910678,\n               1262233268,\n               2292419534,\n               3414554249,\n               2291441069],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 2, 0, 4, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 3, 1, 1, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [1342177280, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 28, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 5497692356608, 18446744069414584341], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093701], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [2768372447,\n               1504635470,\n               259812463,\n               1747374277,\n               4119487797,\n               3519348978,\n               3620444824,\n               2624272929,\n               1736966017,\n               2549283484,\n               2300450263,\n               2789031204,\n               3100346196,\n               426070303,\n               3205786177,\n               3828806182,\n               3614515608,\n               1431907283,\n               4157712463,\n               2369628851],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    2,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026564608, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 13]]]]\nfor label, args, expected in cases[N - 1]:\n    check(label, solve(args), expected)\nprint(json.dumps({\"observations\": observations, \"passed\": all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))\nraise SystemExit(0 if all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations) else 1)\n"},"fixed":{"sha256":"cbc2a03837e86ac87545f5889359709b8593fa5718c1ad9d0f360b7b38b7052d","source":"\"\"\"Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only.\"\"\"\nimport json\n\nN = 1\nobservations = []\ndef solve(x):\n    p = x['p']\n    regs = [0] * (1 << p)\n    for h in x['hashes']:\n        h = h & 0xFFFFFFFF\n        idx = h >> (32 - p)\n        w = (h << p) & 0xFFFFFFFF\n        if w == 0:\n            rho = 32 - p + 1\n        else:\n            rho = 32 - w.bit_length() + 1\n        regs[idx] = max(regs[idx], rho)\n    return regs\ndef check(label, actual, expected):\n    observations.append({\"check\": label, \"actual\": actual, \"expected\": expected, \"passed\": actual == expected})\ncases = [[['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [2746290842,\n               1214636060,\n               2700365353,\n               1518964074,\n               1034755027,\n               2745697653,\n               3465139052,\n               1408437207,\n               1445057485,\n               2277921226,\n               1562942113,\n               737304231],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [268435456, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 1099645845504, 18446744069414584337], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093697], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3083874711,\n               1466456804,\n               1510865127,\n               1936358424,\n               4067255089,\n               3117812620,\n               1972411353,\n               44849429,\n               1601931937,\n               1985418595,\n               85937200,\n               4254039572,\n               3251348065,\n               1589126043,\n               917877929,\n               579573044,\n               1961218034,\n               3335656935,\n               2901203533,\n               7772599],\n    'p': 6},\n   [4,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    3,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    1,\n    2,\n    0,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4027056128, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [2171125632,\n               1561077222,\n               723602496,\n               2706691026,\n               1511209620,\n               3136040843,\n               3466769981,\n               3155411258,\n               2996841228,\n               4154669796,\n               729019621,\n               4118415819],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 2]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [536870912, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 29, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 2199157473280, 18446744069414584338], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093698], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3806962188,\n               1832858908,\n               3698728279,\n               3051225488,\n               175843725,\n               3689096410,\n               2768173870,\n               3616306195,\n               1627860444,\n               2174172542,\n               333719717,\n               1061042192,\n               1370242323,\n               846295865,\n               2770467623,\n               3293138441,\n               465062010,\n               2842674505,\n               1381634835,\n               3297928288],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    4,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026793984, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [734289917,\n               651773559,\n               1520220667,\n               3103360296,\n               825191422,\n               1621339354,\n               1335447505,\n               589878360,\n               3841155756,\n               2779542839,\n               80865712,\n               176500380],\n    'p': 4},\n   [2, 0, 3, 4, 1, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [805306368, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 3298669101056, 18446744069414584339], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093699], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3384855708,\n               1812156463,\n               3005153793,\n               531394969,\n               124498482,\n               3623700348,\n               147951344,\n               3199733155,\n               2393688965,\n               3187545175,\n               3855956590,\n               1988994126,\n               1804606932,\n               4141219565,\n               3126769002,\n               167275462,\n               3576137210,\n               376874430,\n               4251399446,\n               3255939649],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    1,\n    3,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    9,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026662912, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 11]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [1988219189,\n               3536151577,\n               2451850351,\n               1576120406,\n               3460144982,\n               53140742,\n               3232271618,\n               3606811026,\n               822563767,\n               216937224,\n               653771170,\n               789419942],\n    'p': 4},\n   [3, 0, 2, 4, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 0, 5, 3, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [1073741824, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 28, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 4398180728832, 18446744069414584340], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093700], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [3203024958,\n               1607094823,\n               2953651490,\n               2154876315,\n               2643026601,\n               3395013983,\n               4210268938,\n               2481149946,\n               2344839774,\n               3486311577,\n               1288892453,\n               454290413,\n               1419530055,\n               2952556834,\n               140911276,\n               3589740878,\n               3461903868,\n               1033057716,\n               1747761605,\n               1323890633],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    3,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    7,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    1,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026597376, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12]]],\n [['random hashes p=4',\n   {'hashes': [642556483,\n               1103189711,\n               3626284107,\n               1285976915,\n               1204744135,\n               1451808050,\n               3013572557,\n               2019910678,\n               1262233268,\n               2292419534,\n               3414554249,\n               2291441069],\n    'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 2, 0, 4, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 3, 1, 1, 0, 0]],\n  ['zero suffix',\n   {'hashes': [1342177280, 805306369, 0], 'p': 4},\n   [29, 0, 0, 28, 0, 29, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['64-bit input truncated',\n   {'hashes': [188899104129025, 5497692356608, 18446744069414584341], 'p': 5},\n   [23,\n    28,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    27,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['overwrite smaller rank',\n   {'hashes': [520093696, 268435712, 520093701], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['random hashes p=6',\n   {'hashes': [2768372447,\n               1504635470,\n               259812463,\n               1747374277,\n               4119487797,\n               3519348978,\n               3620444824,\n               2624272929,\n               1736966017,\n               2549283484,\n               2300450263,\n               2789031204,\n               3100346196,\n               426070303,\n               3205786177,\n               3828806182,\n               3614515608,\n               1431907283,\n               4157712463,\n               2369628851],\n    'p': 6},\n   [0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    1,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    2,\n    0,\n    1,\n    0,\n    4,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    3,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    1,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    5,\n    0,\n    0,\n    0,\n    2,\n    0,\n    0]],\n  ['empty stream', {'hashes': [], 'p': 4}, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],\n  ['top index',\n   {'hashes': [4026564608, 4160749568], 'p': 4},\n   [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 13]]]]\nfor label, args, expected in cases[N - 1]:\n    check(label, solve(args), expected)\nprint(json.dumps({\"observations\": observations, \"passed\": all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))\nraise SystemExit(0 if all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations) else 1)\n"}},"limitations":"A deterministic, bounded teaching model with stipulated constants and pre-hashed or explicitly hashed inputs; it is not a production implementation and makes no claim of conformance to any library or paper beyond the stated contract. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.","method":"Deterministic executable model with adversarial boundary fixtures.","provenance":{"created_by":"Failure Map","dependencies":"Python standard library","family":"w2-probabilistic_sketches-hll-register-update-register-max","generated_at":"2026-09-29T14:48:43.275348+00:00","license":"CC0-1.0","python":"3.12.14","seed":1,"split":"open-access"},"relevance":"Every HyperLogLog estimate and merge depends on registers being filled with exactly the same index and rank rule on every node.","repair":"Keep the maximum rho per register.","root_cause":"The register is assigned the newest rho instead of the maximum.","sha256":"19c86e9d866dfb2a8016cd79d80cd70a70898da806b8ebedbf32acf6973c1096","title":"HyperLogLog register update: register overwritten by the latest rank · case 01","variant":1,"variant_policy":"Five numbered records share a model and may reuse boundary fixtures.","verification":{"attempt":{"elapsed_ms":39.235,"exit_code":1,"observations":[{"actual":[0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,2,0,3,0,1,0,0,0],"check":"random hashes p=4","expected":[0,0,1,1,1,3,0,0,2,0,5,0,1,0,0,0],"passed":false},{"actual":[29,29,0,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"zero suffix","expected":[29,29,0,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[23,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,27,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"64-bit input truncated","expected":[23,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,27,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"overwrite smaller rank","expected":[0,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":false},{"actual":[1,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,2,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2],"check":"random hashes p=6","expected":[4,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,2,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2],"passed":false},{"actual":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"empty stream","expected":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,9],"check":"top index","expected":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,9],"passed":true}],"passed":false,"stderr":"","stdout":"{\"observations\": [{\"check\": \"random hashes p=4\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"zero suffix\", \"actual\": [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"64-bit input truncated\", \"actual\": [23, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [23, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"overwrite smaller rank\", \"actual\": [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"random hashes p=6\", \"actual\": [1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2], \"expected\": [4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"empty stream\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"top index\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9], \"expected\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9], \"passed\": true}], \"passed\": false}\n"},"broken":{"elapsed_ms":39.118,"exit_code":1,"observations":[{"actual":[0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,2,0,3,0,1,0,0,0],"check":"random hashes p=4","expected":[0,0,1,1,1,3,0,0,2,0,5,0,1,0,0,0],"passed":false},{"actual":[29,29,0,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"zero suffix","expected":[29,29,0,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[23,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,27,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"64-bit input truncated","expected":[23,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,27,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"overwrite smaller rank","expected":[0,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":false},{"actual":[4,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,2,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2],"check":"random hashes p=6","expected":[4,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,2,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"empty stream","expected":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],"check":"top index","expected":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,9],"passed":false}],"passed":false,"stderr":"","stdout":"{\"observations\": [{\"check\": \"random hashes p=4\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"zero suffix\", \"actual\": [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"64-bit input truncated\", \"actual\": [23, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [23, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"overwrite smaller rank\", \"actual\": [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"random hashes p=6\", \"actual\": [4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2], \"expected\": [4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"empty stream\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"top index\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], \"expected\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9], \"passed\": false}], \"passed\": false}\n"},"fixed":{"elapsed_ms":36.196,"exit_code":0,"observations":[{"actual":[0,0,1,1,1,3,0,0,2,0,5,0,1,0,0,0],"check":"random hashes p=4","expected":[0,0,1,1,1,3,0,0,2,0,5,0,1,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[29,29,0,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"zero suffix","expected":[29,29,0,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[23,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,27,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"64-bit input truncated","expected":[23,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,27,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"overwrite smaller rank","expected":[0,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[4,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,2,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2],"check":"random hashes p=6","expected":[4,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,1,2,0,2,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"check":"empty stream","expected":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"passed":true},{"actual":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,9],"check":"top index","expected":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,9],"passed":true}],"passed":true,"stderr":"","stdout":"{\"observations\": [{\"check\": \"random hashes p=4\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"zero suffix\", \"actual\": [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [29, 29, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"64-bit input truncated\", \"actual\": [23, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [23, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 27, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"overwrite smaller rank\", \"actual\": [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"random hashes p=6\", \"actual\": [4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2], \"expected\": [4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"empty stream\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"expected\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"top index\", \"actual\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9], \"expected\": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9], \"passed\": true}], \"passed\": true}\n"}},"verified":true,"visibility":"public"}