{"abstract":"Stations at exactly the 2 cm floor are dropped.","category":"Seismic magnitude estimation","checks":8,"contract":"obs are [PGD in m, epicentral km]. Per station PGD in cm, R = hypocentral distance; skip PGD < 2 cm or R > 1000 km. log10(PGD) = A + B M + C M log10 R with A=-4.434, B=1.047, C=-0.138, solved for M. Return [mean M rounded 0.01, stations used] or None.","contract_signature":"obs, depth_km","evaluation_group":"w2-seismic_magnitude_estimation-pgd-magnitude","failed_approach":"Raising the floor to 5 cm discards valid stations.","family":"w2-seismic_magnitude_estimation-pgd-magnitude-noise-floor-inclusivity","id":"FA-71646","implementations":{"attempt":{"sha256":"4bb8f2a4a7a4ad19b4cf6375e4cacfed03570d08344eb2e91019301a23b3aa5f","source":"\"\"\"Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only.\"\"\"\nimport json\nimport math\nN = 1\nobservations = []\ndef solve(obs, depth_km):\n    A, B, C = -4.434, 1.047, -0.138\n    ms = []\n    for pgd_m, epi in obs:\n        pgd_cm = pgd_m * 100.0\n        r = math.hypot(epi, depth_km)\n        if pgd_cm < 5.0 or r > 1000:\n            continue\n        ms.append((math.log10(pgd_cm) - A) / (B + C * math.log10(r)))\n    if not ms:\n        return None\n    return [round(sum(ms) / len(ms), 2), len(ms)]\ndef check(label, actual, expected):\n    observations.append({\"check\": label, \"actual\": actual, \"expected\": expected, \"passed\": actual == expected})\nfixtures = [[['GNSS set 0', [[[0.005, 700], [0.05, 1100], [0.02, 995], [0.02, 700]], 25], [7.36, 2]], ['GNSS set 1', [[[0.005, 200], [0.005, 10], [1.2, 995], [0.005, 995], [0.02, 995]], 10], [8.88, 2]], ['GNSS set 2', [[[1.2, 200]], 10], [8.93, 1]], ['GNSS set 3', [[[1.2, 1100]], 10], None], ['GNSS set 4', [[[0.005, 995], [0.02, 200], [0.005, 1100], [1.2, 995], [1.2, 60]], 10], [8.3, 3]], ['GNSS set 5', [[[0.005, 10], [0.3, 60], [0.3, 1100], [0.3, 10]], 60], [7.48, 2]], ['GNSS set 6', [[[0.3, 10], [0.005, 200], [1.2, 1100], [0.005, 1100], [0.02, 60]], 60], [6.72, 2]], ['GNSS set 7', [[[0.005, 700], [1.2, 1100]], 25], None]], [['GNSS set 6', [[[0.3, 10], [0.005, 200], [1.2, 1100], [0.005, 1100], [0.02, 60]], 60], [6.72, 2]], ['GNSS set 7', [[[0.005, 700], [1.2, 1100]], 25], None], ['GNSS set 8', [[[1.2, 700], [0.005, 10]], 10], [9.95, 1]], ['GNSS set 9', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 10], [0.05, 60]], 25], [7.19, 3]], ['GNSS set 10', [[[0.3, 700], [0.02, 1100]], 60], [9.04, 1]], ['GNSS set 11', [[[1.2, 1100], [0.02, 200], [0.02, 200], [0.005, 1100], [0.05, 10]], 25], [6.34, 3]], ['GNSS set 12', [[[0.3, 200]], 25], [8.11, 1]], ['GNSS set 16', [[[1.2, 200], [0.005, 200], [0.02, 10], [0.3, 700]], 25], [7.85, 3]]], [['GNSS set 14', [[[1.2, 700], [0.02, 200], [0.02, 700]], 10], [7.89, 3]], ['GNSS set 15', [[[0.005, 60]], 10], None], ['GNSS set 16', [[[1.2, 200], [0.005, 200], [0.02, 10], [0.3, 700]], 25], [7.85, 3]], ['GNSS set 17', [[[0.3, 200], [0.05, 995]], 60], [8.12, 2]], ['GNSS set 18', [[[0.02, 10], [0.3, 1100], [1.2, 200], [0.005, 700], [1.2, 995]], 10], [8.18, 3]], ['GNSS set 19', [[[0.02, 700], [0.02, 60]], 60], [6.65, 2]], ['GNSS set 20', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 700], [0.3, 200], [0.3, 995], [0.02, 995]], 60], [8.46, 5]], ['noise floor station', [[[0.02, 100]], 10], [6.14, 1]]], [['GNSS set 11', [[[1.2, 1100], [0.02, 200], [0.02, 200], [0.005, 1100], [0.05, 10]], 25], [6.34, 3]], ['GNSS set 20', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 700], [0.3, 200], [0.3, 995], [0.02, 995]], 60], [8.46, 5]], ['GNSS set 21', [[[1.2, 200], [0.02, 1100], [0.005, 700], [0.3, 995]], 10], [9.13, 2]], ['GNSS set 22', [[[0.05, 700], [1.2, 200], [1.2, 10], [1.2, 1100], [0.3, 1100]], 10], [8.04, 3]], ['GNSS set 23', [[[0.3, 700], [0.05, 995], [1.2, 200], [0.005, 10]], 25], [8.69, 3]], ['GNSS set 24', [[[0.02, 1100], [1.2, 200], [0.02, 1100], [0.3, 1100]], 60], [8.96, 1]], ['GNSS set 25', [[[0.005, 1100], [0.3, 60], [1.2, 10], [0.05, 700], [1.2, 60]], 25], [7.78, 4]], ['GNSS set 26', [[[0.05, 995]], 60], [8.11, 1]]], [['GNSS set 0', [[[0.005, 700], [0.05, 1100], [0.02, 995], [0.02, 700]], 25], [7.36, 2]], ['GNSS set 20', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 700], [0.3, 200], [0.3, 995], [0.02, 995]], 60], [8.46, 5]], ['GNSS set 28', [[[0.02, 1100], [0.005, 200], [0.05, 200]], 10], [7.04, 1]], ['GNSS set 29', [[[0.3, 60], [0.02, 1100], [0.3, 995], [1.2, 60]], 60], [8.42, 3]], ['GNSS set 30', [[[0.3, 200], [1.2, 10], [0.3, 1100]], 60], [8.13, 2]], ['GNSS set 31', [[[0.05, 200], [0.05, 700]], 10], [7.44, 2]], ['GNSS set 32', [[[1.2, 1100]], 10], None], ['GNSS set 33', [[[0.02, 10], [0.3, 995], [1.2, 1100], [0.02, 700]], 60], [7.5, 3]]]]\nfor label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:\n    check(label, solve(*args), expected)\nprint(json.dumps({\"observations\": observations, \"passed\": all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))\nraise SystemExit(0 if all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations) else 1)\n"},"broken":{"sha256":"5704c4f7c54ae3120eb61935bbb36f01de1b545b130c529c90c4f0574b936b18","source":"\"\"\"Failure Map reference implementation. Python standard library only.\"\"\"\nimport json\nimport math\nN = 1\nobservations = []\ndef solve(obs, depth_km):\n    A, B, C = -4.434, 1.047, -0.138\n    ms = []\n    for pgd_m, epi in obs:\n        pgd_cm = pgd_m * 100.0\n        r = math.hypot(epi, depth_km)\n        if pgd_cm <= 2.0 or r > 1000:\n            continue\n        ms.append((math.log10(pgd_cm) - A) / (B + C * math.log10(r)))\n    if not ms:\n        return None\n    return [round(sum(ms) / len(ms), 2), len(ms)]\ndef check(label, actual, expected):\n    observations.append({\"check\": label, \"actual\": actual, \"expected\": expected, \"passed\": actual == expected})\nfixtures = [[['GNSS set 0', [[[0.005, 700], [0.05, 1100], [0.02, 995], [0.02, 700]], 25], [7.36, 2]], ['GNSS set 1', [[[0.005, 200], [0.005, 10], [1.2, 995], [0.005, 995], [0.02, 995]], 10], [8.88, 2]], ['GNSS set 2', [[[1.2, 200]], 10], [8.93, 1]], ['GNSS set 3', [[[1.2, 1100]], 10], None], ['GNSS set 4', [[[0.005, 995], [0.02, 200], [0.005, 1100], [1.2, 995], [1.2, 60]], 10], [8.3, 3]], ['GNSS set 5', [[[0.005, 10], [0.3, 60], [0.3, 1100], [0.3, 10]], 60], [7.48, 2]], ['GNSS set 6', [[[0.3, 10], [0.005, 200], [1.2, 1100], [0.005, 1100], [0.02, 60]], 60], [6.72, 2]], ['GNSS set 7', [[[0.005, 700], [1.2, 1100]], 25], None]], [['GNSS set 6', [[[0.3, 10], [0.005, 200], [1.2, 1100], [0.005, 1100], [0.02, 60]], 60], [6.72, 2]], ['GNSS set 7', [[[0.005, 700], [1.2, 1100]], 25], None], ['GNSS set 8', [[[1.2, 700], [0.005, 10]], 10], [9.95, 1]], ['GNSS set 9', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 10], [0.05, 60]], 25], [7.19, 3]], ['GNSS set 10', [[[0.3, 700], [0.02, 1100]], 60], [9.04, 1]], ['GNSS set 11', [[[1.2, 1100], [0.02, 200], [0.02, 200], [0.005, 1100], [0.05, 10]], 25], [6.34, 3]], ['GNSS set 12', [[[0.3, 200]], 25], [8.11, 1]], ['GNSS set 16', [[[1.2, 200], [0.005, 200], [0.02, 10], [0.3, 700]], 25], [7.85, 3]]], [['GNSS set 14', [[[1.2, 700], [0.02, 200], [0.02, 700]], 10], [7.89, 3]], ['GNSS set 15', [[[0.005, 60]], 10], None], ['GNSS set 16', [[[1.2, 200], [0.005, 200], [0.02, 10], [0.3, 700]], 25], [7.85, 3]], ['GNSS set 17', [[[0.3, 200], [0.05, 995]], 60], [8.12, 2]], ['GNSS set 18', [[[0.02, 10], [0.3, 1100], [1.2, 200], [0.005, 700], [1.2, 995]], 10], [8.18, 3]], ['GNSS set 19', [[[0.02, 700], [0.02, 60]], 60], [6.65, 2]], ['GNSS set 20', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 700], [0.3, 200], [0.3, 995], [0.02, 995]], 60], [8.46, 5]], ['noise floor station', [[[0.02, 100]], 10], [6.14, 1]]], [['GNSS set 11', [[[1.2, 1100], [0.02, 200], [0.02, 200], [0.005, 1100], [0.05, 10]], 25], [6.34, 3]], ['GNSS set 20', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 700], [0.3, 200], [0.3, 995], [0.02, 995]], 60], [8.46, 5]], ['GNSS set 21', [[[1.2, 200], [0.02, 1100], [0.005, 700], [0.3, 995]], 10], [9.13, 2]], ['GNSS set 22', [[[0.05, 700], [1.2, 200], [1.2, 10], [1.2, 1100], [0.3, 1100]], 10], [8.04, 3]], ['GNSS set 23', [[[0.3, 700], [0.05, 995], [1.2, 200], [0.005, 10]], 25], [8.69, 3]], ['GNSS set 24', [[[0.02, 1100], [1.2, 200], [0.02, 1100], [0.3, 1100]], 60], [8.96, 1]], ['GNSS set 25', [[[0.005, 1100], [0.3, 60], [1.2, 10], [0.05, 700], [1.2, 60]], 25], [7.78, 4]], ['GNSS set 26', [[[0.05, 995]], 60], [8.11, 1]]], [['GNSS set 0', [[[0.005, 700], [0.05, 1100], [0.02, 995], [0.02, 700]], 25], [7.36, 2]], ['GNSS set 20', [[[1.2, 60], [0.3, 700], [0.3, 200], [0.3, 995], [0.02, 995]], 60], [8.46, 5]], ['GNSS set 28', [[[0.02, 1100], [0.005, 200], [0.05, 200]], 10], [7.04, 1]], ['GNSS set 29', [[[0.3, 60], [0.02, 1100], [0.3, 995], [1.2, 60]], 60], [8.42, 3]], ['GNSS set 30', [[[0.3, 200], [1.2, 10], [0.3, 1100]], 60], [8.13, 2]], ['GNSS set 31', [[[0.05, 200], [0.05, 700]], 10], [7.44, 2]], ['GNSS set 32', [[[1.2, 1100]], 10], None], ['GNSS set 33', [[[0.02, 10], [0.3, 995], [1.2, 1100], [0.02, 700]], 60], [7.5, 3]]]]\nfor label, args, expected in fixtures[N - 1]:\n    check(label, solve(*args), expected)\nprint(json.dumps({\"observations\": observations, \"passed\": all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations)}, ensure_ascii=False))\nraise SystemExit(0 if all(x[\"passed\"] for x in observations) else 1)\n"}},"limitations":"Stipulated deterministic teaching model of a seismological magnitude procedure; constants and tables are fixed by the contract and no claim of agency or standards conformance is made. This reproducer isolates one failure mechanism. Results cover the supplied fixtures. Variants within a family share a test contract and should remain grouped when constructing evaluation splits. Related mechanisms with a shared evaluation_group must also remain together; these controlled models are not independent production incidents.","method":"Deterministic executable model with adversarial boundary fixtures.","provenance":{"created_by":"Failure Map","dependencies":"Python standard library","family":"w2-seismic_magnitude_estimation-pgd-magnitude-noise-floor-inclusivity","generated_at":"2026-09-29T14:48:31.557762+00:00","license":"CC0-1.0","python":"3.12.14","seed":1,"split":"open-access"},"relevance":"GNSS PGD magnitudes do not saturate for great earthquakes in early warning.","root_cause":"The noise gate is inclusive of 2 cm.","sha256":"9d69fb8775a02c5cba79913eb6b477aaa6ecc5e1674e221d02173d132ef93349","title":"GNSS peak ground displacement magnitude: noise floor inclusivity · case 01","variant":1,"variant_policy":"Five numbered records share a model and may reuse boundary fixtures.","verified":true,"visibility":"public","verification":{"attempt":{"elapsed_ms":39.07,"exit_code":1,"observations":[{"actual":null,"check":"GNSS set 0","expected":[7.36,2],"passed":false},{"actual":[10.28,1],"check":"GNSS set 1","expected":[8.88,2],"passed":false},{"actual":[8.93,1],"check":"GNSS set 2","expected":[8.93,1],"passed":true},{"actual":null,"check":"GNSS set 3","expected":null,"passed":true},{"actual":[9.21,2],"check":"GNSS set 4","expected":[8.3,3],"passed":false},{"actual":[7.48,2],"check":"GNSS set 5","expected":[7.48,2],"passed":true},{"actual":[7.38,1],"check":"GNSS set 6","expected":[6.72,2],"passed":false},{"actual":null,"check":"GNSS set 7","expected":null,"passed":true}],"passed":false,"stderr":"","stdout":"{\"observations\": [{\"check\": \"GNSS set 0\", \"actual\": null, \"expected\": [7.36, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 1\", \"actual\": [10.28, 1], \"expected\": [8.88, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 2\", \"actual\": [8.93, 1], \"expected\": [8.93, 1], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 3\", \"actual\": null, \"expected\": null, \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 4\", \"actual\": [9.21, 2], \"expected\": [8.3, 3], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 5\", \"actual\": [7.48, 2], \"expected\": [7.48, 2], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 6\", \"actual\": [7.38, 1], \"expected\": [6.72, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 7\", \"actual\": null, \"expected\": null, \"passed\": true}], \"passed\": false}\n"},"broken":{"elapsed_ms":40.023,"exit_code":1,"observations":[{"actual":null,"check":"GNSS set 0","expected":[7.36,2],"passed":false},{"actual":[10.28,1],"check":"GNSS set 1","expected":[8.88,2],"passed":false},{"actual":[8.93,1],"check":"GNSS set 2","expected":[8.93,1],"passed":true},{"actual":null,"check":"GNSS set 3","expected":null,"passed":true},{"actual":[9.21,2],"check":"GNSS set 4","expected":[8.3,3],"passed":false},{"actual":[7.48,2],"check":"GNSS set 5","expected":[7.48,2],"passed":true},{"actual":[7.38,1],"check":"GNSS set 6","expected":[6.72,2],"passed":false},{"actual":null,"check":"GNSS set 7","expected":null,"passed":true}],"passed":false,"stderr":"","stdout":"{\"observations\": [{\"check\": \"GNSS set 0\", \"actual\": null, \"expected\": [7.36, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 1\", \"actual\": [10.28, 1], \"expected\": [8.88, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 2\", \"actual\": [8.93, 1], \"expected\": [8.93, 1], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 3\", \"actual\": null, \"expected\": null, \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 4\", \"actual\": [9.21, 2], \"expected\": [8.3, 3], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 5\", \"actual\": [7.48, 2], \"expected\": [7.48, 2], \"passed\": true}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 6\", \"actual\": [7.38, 1], \"expected\": [6.72, 2], \"passed\": false}, {\"check\": \"GNSS set 7\", \"actual\": null, \"expected\": null, \"passed\": true}], \"passed\": false}\n"}},"member_only":{"stages":["fixed"],"fields":["implementations.fixed","verification.fixed","harness","repair"],"note":"The verified repair, its recorded checks, the repair description, and the scoring harness are available to members."}}